International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-009, September, 2020. DOI: 10.46882/IJHF/1134. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Development of a mango pulp and the acceptability and storability of the product

H.M.T.P. Herath¹, U.M.A. Kumara^2*, K.G.L.R. Jayathunge³ and N. Thiruchchelvan⁴

¹Department of Post-Harvest Technology, University College of Anuradhapura, University of Vocational Technology, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.

²Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.

³Department of Biosystems Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.

⁴Department of Agricultural Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka.

Accepted 08 December, 2019

Abstract

Mango, the king of tropical fruits had a great potential for value added products due to its greater impact on human health. Mango pulp is a preservation technique that overcomes the postharvest losses during the seasons. The current study was focused to develop a pulp from Karthakolomban mango cultivar and evaluate its physical, biochemical, microbial properties, acceptability and storability. Mango pulp was prepared after steam blanching of fruits for 15 min to preserve the colour at storage time. Developed mango pulp contains 0.58 mg b carotene/100 g, 4.83 mg gallic acid/g, 245.9 mg ascorbic acid/100 g and 374.4 µM Trolox/100 g, as antioxidant. Microbial counts were less than the standard maximum limits for the mango pulp throughout the 3 months storage period. TSS and the titratable acidity were significantly increased (p<0.05) and pH, colour change and moisture were not significantly different during the three-month storage period. However, pH of the pulp was slightly reduced at the time and carotenoid, phenol, ascorbic contents and antioxidant activity were not significantly different and not observed gradual increases or decreases. Sensory evaluation revealed that jam prepared from developed mango pulp at initial stage and two months after storage were significantly different from control for the colour, taste, odor, consistency and overall acceptability. The developed mango pulp is successfully accepted by the people. Karthakolomban mango pulp had superior properties for adding value to the fruit without any preservatives and retained antioxidant properties up to three months.

Key words: Mango, pulp, physico-chemical properties, storage time, value addition

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2167-0455 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-011, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of pre-harvest treatment and storage quality of apple in India

Sandeep K. Chauhan²*, Thakur K. S.¹, Jawa N. K.² and Thakur K. P.²

¹Department of Postharvest Technology, Dr Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni-173 230, India.

²FHEL, CONCOR, Government of India.

Accepted 09 August, 2020

Abstract

Pre-harvest treatments consisted of nimbecidine, neem azal, neem gold, with Bavistin, as control. The plant leaves/flowers used as coatings were neem leaf extract, drake leaf extract, spearmint leaf extract, marigold flower extract, and semperfresh. Neem, melia, mentha, walnut, banna, basooti, and camphor were used as cushioning materials in packages. Freshly harvested fruits were subjected to the above treatments and were kept under refrigerated storage (1±1°C) for analysis at a monthly interval up to 6 months. Nimbecidine (1.5%) was found better in reducing physiological loss in weight (PLW) and retaining fruit firmness, whereas, neem azal (2.0%) was found effective in retaining maximum total soluble solids (TSS) content, starch iodine rating and pectin content at the end of 6 months storage period. Among the treatments of extracts of plant leaves/flowers, fruits treated with 20% drake leaf extract proved to be most effective in reducing weight loss, whereas, maximum retention of firmness was recorded in fruits treated with 20% neem leaf extracts. Drake and neem leaf extracts also retained maximum TSS content. Minimum decrease in starch content maximum pectin content in the fruits and were recorded with 20% neem leaf extract. Leaf extract was highly effective in reducing spoilage as no spoilage was recorded under this treatment. Fruits cushioned with camphor leaves were superior over non-cushioned fruits in retaining most of quality characteristics.

Key words: Neem (Azadirachta indica), plant extract, drake (Melia azedarach), spearmint, marigold, banna (Vitex negundu), basooti (Adhatoda vasica), camphor, apple.

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2167-0455 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-003, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Review

The social and economic importance of Strelitzia in floriculture

Marcos Ribeiro da Silva Vieira¹* Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima², Damiana Cleuma de Medeiros⁴, Ângela Vacaro de Souza¹ and Emídio Cantidio Almeida de Oliveira³

¹Department of Plant Production (Horticulture), Universidade Estadual Paulista, CEP: 18601-060, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.

²Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Biosciences, Paulista State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.

³Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, CEP: 59909-460, Serra Talhada, PE, Brasil.

⁴Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Macaíba, RN, Brazil.

Accepted 20 May, 2020

Abstract

This review aimed to show the importance of Strelitzia in Floriculture. The genus named after the duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, birthplace of Queen Charlotte of United Kingdom. A commom name of the genus is bird of paradise flower, because of a supposed resemblance of its flowers to the bird of paradise. In this context, it is currently a growing interest in exotic cultures, with tropical characteristics, such as species of the family Strelitziaceae. Thus, it was observed that the production of agricultural activity, Strelitzia is one of increasing social and economic importance in the world.

Key words: Zingiberales, Strelitziaceae, cut flower, inflorescence.

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2167-0455 Vol. 8 (7), pp. 001-005, July, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Non-financial tax compliance: Elements of management plans required by Michigan’s Commercial Forest Act

Jacob R. Oswald and Blair Orr*

Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton MI 49931, USA.

Accepted 21 May, 2020

Abstract

Michigan’s Commercial Forest Act is a property tax incentive program designed to allow public access to private land and a continuous timber supply. The tax program requires compliance with non-financial provisions including preparation of a forest management plan. The purpose of this study was to determine compliance with the management plan provision among enrolled landowners. Management plans sampled from non-industrial private forest (NIPF) landowners in Michigan’s western Upper Peninsula rarely contained all of the management plan requirements, yet seemed to capture the intent of the law. We categorized management plans as either “basic” or “thorough” based upon the number of requirements and additional information present within management plans. Additional management plan information, such as wildlife habitat and aesthetics, appeared to enhance opportunities associated with public access on listed lands.

Key words: Non-industrial private forest (NIPF), property tax, incentive, timber harvest, compliance, evasion.

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2167-0455 Vol. 8 (6), pp. 001-012, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Functional distances of woody species, proxy of ecological elasticity and provision for forest management

Shiferaw Abebe^1,3,4*, Kåre Arnstein Lye¹ and Diress Tsegaye^1,2

¹Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P. O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway.

²Department of Biology, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.

³Forestry Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P. O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

⁴Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Gaustadallѐen 21, No-0349 Oslo, Norway.

Accepted 21 April, 2020

Abstract

The natural forests in north western Ethiopia have been dwindling at an alarming rate. However, church forests are found as a spot in each community serving as unique and conspicuous in situ conservation of indigenous species. Five church forests with adjacent degraded forests were surveyed to investigate the functional distance and diversity. Fifty woody species were identified both from the church and adjacent degraded forests and have 34 species in common (S_j = 0.68). Eleven new species were recorded in the adjacent degraded forest, but five species which were found in the church forest disappeared. The average functional distances between woody species were 22.3 ± 14.4 (mean ± SD) and 23.8 ± 17.0 for church and adjacent degraded forests, respectively. Dominant woody species were functionally dissimilar. Functional distances between 10 minor of the church and 10 dominant of adjacent degraded forest species were significantly different (c² = 12.24, P = 0.01), suggesting that minor species have offered insurance. Passenger species and some of the dominant species in the church forest have also offered insurance. Functional distance which is a cumulative effect of functional attributes is a proxy for ecological elasticity to disturbances and helps in forest management decisions.

Key words: Church forests, degraded forests, ecosystem, functional attributes, relative abundance, resilience.

International Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture ISSN 2167-0455 Vol. 8 (6), pp. 001-007, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Consumer attitudes for new plant species using the example of Trachycarpus wagnerianus

P. Lampert*, K. Menrad and Schoeps J.

Department of Horticulture and Food Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf, Germany.

Accepted 16 April, 2020

Abstract

This article reviews the purchase behaviour of consumers for plants and the attitude towards horticultural novelties. The palm, Trachycarpus wagnerianus especially, is the main focus of this study. Based on a survey of 408 customers in Bavaria during autumn 2009, the results gave an impression of how consumers inform themselves about novelties in horticulture as well as, their attitude to T. wagnerianus. Within the standardized questionnaire, a conjoint measurement was applied in order to investigate the impact of the different characteristics of the palm on consumers’ choice. Drawing all factors of the conjoint measurement into consideration, the T. wagnerianus has slight advantages when compared to the common Trachycarpus fortunei.

Key words: Conjoint analysis, consumer research, palms, purchasing behaviour.