ISSN 2375-1096
Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 8 (7), pp. 001-010, July, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Cost-benefit analysis of different agroforestry systems and practices of Kaharole Upazila of Dinajpur District
Rahman M. Shoaibur*, Roy P. Rani, Bari M. Shafiqul and Sarmin I. Jahan
Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh.
Accepted 04 August, 2018
Abstract
A study was carried out to evaluate the costs and benefits of three agroforestry systems like homestead, cropland and orchard agroforestry systems of Kaharole upazila under Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. An extensive field survey and measurements were conducted during July 2017 to January 2018 at different unions and villages of Kaharole upazila. A multistage random sampling procedure was followed to select the study area. Sixty agroforestry practices including 20 homesteads, 20 orchards and 20 croplands were evaluated for cost and benefit analysis. Initial three years costs and income data were collected from the field survey. Results of the production cost showed that significantly maximum production cost was in orchard agroforestry system (Tk. 98987 per ha.) followed by cropland (Tk. 90238 per ha.) and minimum in homestead system (Tk. 10854 per ha.) in the 1st year. Production cost was recorded decreased while income was recorded increased in the successive years in all the systems. The net income indicated that orchard agroforestry system was financially more profitable than cropland and homestead agroforestry systems, but the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was higher in homestead as well as cropland agroforestry systems and lower in orchard agroforestry system. In spite of higher BCR of homestead agroforestry, farmers in the study area widely practiced the orchard agroforestry. It appears that the farmers’ decision regarding what kind of land use they will adopt depends not on the BCR, but largely on the net amount of income that they earn.
Keywords: Homestead agroforestry, cropland agroforestry, orchard agroforestry, cost and income, BCR.
Bari M. Shafiqul and Sarmin I. Jahan, Roy P. Rani, Rahman M. Shoaibur*
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1107Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 8 (7), pp. 001-009, July, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evaluation of cowpea genotypes for soil moisture stress tolerance under screen house conditions
Y. A. Abayomi* and T. O. Abidoye
Department of Agronomy, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Accepted 25 September, 2019
Abstract
A potted experiment was conducted in a screen house at the University of Ilorin, Nigeria to evaluate the growth and grain yield responses of 10 genotypes of cowpea to soil moisture stresses. The experiment was designed as a 4 x 10 factorial and laid out in split-plots arrangement, evaluated ten genotypes of cowpea at four soil moisture stress levels with all factorial combinations replicated four times. Growth and flowering parameters were measured at full flowering, while yield components as well as grain yield per plant were determined at plant maturity. All data collected were analysed using analysis of variance and moisture stress tolerance was evaluated by the rank summation index (RSI). Plant height, numbers of leaves and flowers per plant increased significantly with decreasing soil moisture stress. However, higher soil moisture stress levels have no appreciable effects on branching, but delayed onset of and time to full flowering. Numbers of pods and seeds, HI and shelling percentage as well as grain yield decreased with increasing soil moisture stress, while biomass yield was not significantly influenced by the stress. The overall rankings of the evaluated genotypes in terms of growth and grain yield responses to soil moisture stress tolerance from the best to the worst are IT97K-499-38 > IT99K-1060 > ITA 271 > IT99K-1245 > ITA 352 > IT97K-598-18 > IT98K-131-2 > IT97K-356-1 > IT98K-491-4 > IT00K-901-5. Not withstanding these ranks, ITA 271 and ITA 352 had the best yield stability, while IT99K-1060 was drought tolerant but has low yield potential.
Key words: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), genotypes, soil moisture stress, growth and grain yield responses, yield potential, stability.
Y. A. Abayomi*, T. O. Abidoye
Page: 1 - 9
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1106Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 8 (7), pp. 001-007, July, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Analysis of phenanthrene biosorption to the roots of Cyperus hermaphroditus by microscopy, spectroscopy and photoacoustic techniques
Angélica Guerrero Zúñiga1, Alfredo Cruz Orea2, Juvencio Galíndez Mayer3 and Angélica Rodríguez Dorantes4*
1Dirección de Seguridad y Medio Ambiente, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, México City 07730, México.
2Departmento de Física, CINVESTAV-IPN, México City 14740, México.
3Departmento de Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, I.P.N., México City 11340, México.
4Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, I.P.N., México City 11340, México.
Accepted 26 August, 2019
Abstract
Understanding the process of contaminant accumulation by plants is essential to assessing crop contamination; organic chemicals may be adsorbed to roots and then be taken up, translocated, metabolized, or transpired by plants. The biosorption of phenanthrene by the radical system of Cyperus hermaphroditus, was studied by plants exposed to different concentrations of this pollutant, during 3 and 12 days and phenanthrene adsorbed was detected by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques and measured by photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS). The sorption of phenanthrene in this species increased with plant age and the exposition time to the contaminant, due to the root mass with more surface area that enhanced affinity of the roots for the contaminant. The radical system of C. hermaphroditus may thus provide a surface for phenanthrene biosorption; that could be an important control in the immobilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Key words: Phenanthrene, radical system, photoacoustic spectroscopy.
Juvencio GalÃndez Mayer3 and Angélica RodrÃguez Dorantes4*, Alfredo Cruz Orea2, Angélica Guerrero Zúñiga1
Page: 1 - 7
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1105Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 8 (6), pp. 001-007, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Diversity and abundance of soil mesofauna and microbial population in South–Western Nigeria
Adeduntan, Sunday Adeniyi
Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 08063480727.
Accepted 13 January, 2020
Abstract
The study was carried out to examine the diversity and abundance of soil mesofauna and microbial population in three (3) Forest Reserves in Southwestern Nigeria (Oluwa, Omo and Akure forest reserves). Soil samples were collected from the study areas and the mesofauna present were isolated and identified. The bacteria count and fungi count were also obtained and identified. The pH was also determined likewise the soil physical properties were obtained. It was observed that the diversity and abundance of bacteria were significantly higher (p< 0.05) in Oluwa Forest Reserve and significantly lower in Omo Forest Reserve. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the fungi diversity and abundance in the study habitats. The results for the soil pH show that 5.83, 5.93 and 6.40 values were obtained for Omo, Akure and Oluwa forest reserves respectively. Also, there were no significant differences in the soil physical properties recorded from the study habitats. The Shannon - Weiner diversity index for the mesofauna for Omo, Oluwa and Akure Forest Freserves were 1.69, 0.19 and 1.82 respectively. Furthermore, the species evenness for Omo Forest Reserve is 0.19, while it was 0.19 and 0.20 for Oluwa and Akure Forest Reserves respectively. This shows that species diversity of mesofauna in Omo and Akure Forest Reserves were significantly (p<0.05) higher than what was obtained from Oluwa Forest Reserve. The correlation coefficient values indicated that there was no significant correlation between soil pH and bacteria count in both Oluwa and Akure Forest Reserve (R2 < 50%). But, there is a significant correlation between soil pH and bacteria count in Omo Forest Reserve (R2 > 50%). Likewise, there were no significant correlation between the soil pH and fungi count and between the soil pH and mesofauna in all the three Forest types / habitats.
Key words: Mesofauna, forest reserve, habitat, diversity, micro-organism.
Adeduntan , Sunday Adeniyi
Page: 1 - 7
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1104Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 8 (6), pp. 001-005, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Studying of essential oil variations in leaves of Mentha species
Bohloul Abbaszadeh, Sayed Alireza Valadabadi, Hossein Aliabadi Farahani and Hossein Hasanpour Darvishi
Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Iran.
Accepted 24 January, 2020
Abstract
To evaluate the beneficial impacts of different species on mint, some yield characters were investigated. Our objective in this research was the studying of different species effects on essential oil variations. In this respect, the experimental unit had designed by achieved treatment in completely randomized block design with three replicates. The factor including mint species (Mentha longifolia var. amphilema (from Qazvin and Ardabil localities), Mentha spicata (from Tehran and Yazd localities), Mentha piperita (from Tehran and Ardabil localities), Mentha aquatica (from Gheilan and Ardabil localities)) at Iran was studied. Our final statistical analysis was indicated that mint species significantly affected essential oil yield of leaves, essential oil percentage of leaves and leaf yield (P < 0.01) and leaf length (P < 0.05). M. longifalia var. amphilema from Ardabil locality were provided highest essential oil yield of leaves (25.13 kg/ha) and essential oil percentage of leaves (1.64%). Longest leaf length (4.01 cm) was achieved by M. piperita from Tehran locality and highest leaf yield (914.4 kg/ha) was obtained by M. aquatica from Tehran locality. Our findings indicated that were significant difference between essential oil variations of mint species. Therefore, the selection of species that performs well over a wide range of environments can increases essential oil yield of medicinal and aromatic plants.
Key words: Mentha species, essential oil yield of leaves, essential oil percentage of leaves, leaf yield.
Bohloul Abbaszadeh, Hossein Aliabadi Farahani and Hossein Hasanpour Darvishi, Sayed Alireza Valadabadi
Page: 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1103Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 8 (5), pp. 001-005, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Activity concentration of radionuclides in plants in the environment of western Ghats, India
P. K. Manigandan
Dhafir Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirate. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 16 July, 2019
Abstract
Background: A field study on the transfer of primordial radionuclides 238U, 232Th, 40K and fallout radionuclides 210Po in different plant species in tropical forest of western Ghats environment, India, is presented. Material and Methods: The Top storey, Short storey, Shrubs and Epiphytic plant species were sampled and concentration of these radionuclides in plant and soil were measured by employing a gamma ray spectrometer and an alpha counter. Results: The soil-plant concentration ratio shows the variation of radionuclide accumulation in different species while a wild plant Elaeocarpus oblongus and epiphytic plants indicated preferential uptake of these radionuclides. Conclusion: The dust particles dust trapped in the root system of epiphytic plants could be used as bioindicator to monitor fallout radionuclides in the Western Ghats. The concentration of 232Th and 40K in leaves depends on the age of the leaves
Key words: Western Ghats, primordial radionuclides, concentration ratio, Elaeocarpus oblongus, bioindicator.
an , P. K. Manig
Page: 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1102