International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture

International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN: 2375-1096 Vol. 11 (1), pp. 001-004, January, 2023. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

In vitro multiplication of the semi-arid forest tree, Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del

Mansor Ndoye¹, Ismaïla Diallo² and Yaye Kène Gassama/Dia¹

¹Laboratoire de biotechnologies, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar, B.P. 5005, Dakar, Sénégal.

²ISRA-DRPF, Route des Pères Maristes, B.P. 2312, Dakar, Sénégal.

Accepted 28 October 2022

Abstract

Procedures were developed for micropropagation of Balanites aegyptiaca using axillary bud explants obtained from mature trees. Cultures were established in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.1 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The effects of kinetin on shoot growth and proliferation in vitro was also investigated. Results show that shoot multiplication required 2.5 mg/l of BAP. Shoot length was significantly affected by the presence of BAP or 6-furfurylaminopurine (Kin). Rooting of shoots in vitro was achieved on MS medium containing 20 mg/l of the auxin, indolebutyric acid (IBA). Rooted shoots acclimated and were successfully transferred into soil, with 48% of the plantlets surviving.

Key words: Balanites aegyptiaca, micropropagation, rooting.

International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN: 2375-1096 Vol. 10 (10), pp. 001-009, October 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Nutrient mineralization patterns of selected agroforestry shrub specie’s foliage litter in Dello-menna District of Bale zone, Southeast Ethiopia

Wondmagegn Bekele^1*, Lisanework Nigatu² and Lemma Wogi²

¹Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Bale-Robe, Ethiopia.

²Haramaya University School of Natural Resource Management and Environmental Sciences, Haramaya, Ethiopia.

Accepted 02 April, 2022

Abstract

Mineralization is a decomposition process accounting for the recycling of nutrients from decomposing organic materials. A study was conducted to understand the general mineralization pattern of three agroforestry species foliage litter grown in Dello-menna district of Bale, Southeast Ethiopia. The experiment was installed by using factorial RCBD design considering species types (Cajanus Cajan, Sesbania sesban and Flemingia macrophylla) as main plot and incubation period (15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days) as sub-plot factors. To understand the temporal trend of mineralization the amount of nutrient remained at different time was plotted against time. Further, nutrient mineralization rates constant (k day^-1) computed by single exponential model as the relation between mineralization rates constant and litter chemical quality indices examined by Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The result of the study revealed that, the amount of nutrients mineralized and rates of mineralization among the species was considerably (P < 0.05) varied. It is reported that, by the end of the study period more than 87% of the initial nutrient contents of litter residues were mineralized and added to the soil except carbon. Among the species the higher amount of K (97.87%), N (95.89%), Ca (95.78%), Mg (94.72%) and C (57.94%) reported for S. sesban litter residue than others. In terms of p, foliage litter material of C. cajan (94.43%) perceived the better potential followed by F. macrophylla (90.69%), and S. sesban (87.72%), respectively.  Moreover, the mineralization rate of nutrients among the species reported in the order of K > N > Ca > Mg > P > C for S. sesban, K > Mg > Ca = P > N > C for F. macrophylla and P>K> Mg > N = Ca > C for C. cajan. This shows except for C. cajan the mineralization rate constant of potassium happened to be the fastest for the remaining species. The study also added knowledge on the relationship existing between mineralization rates constant and litter chemical quality indices. Accordingly, lignin, cellulose, LCI, total phenol and C/N ratio associate negatively while N and P reported positively. From tested species, S. sesban identified as the best species for returning higher amount of nutrients within a short period followed by C. cajan and F. macrophylla, respectively. To sum up, since this experiment was conducted in one site for one season further long time study over location is recommended in order to come to conclusive recommendation.

Keywords: Cajanus cajan, Flemingia macrophylla, Litter chemical quality, Sesbania sesban.

International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN: 2375-1096 Vol. 10 (9), pp. 001-006, September, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of the effect of provenance on survival and growth performance of Moringa stenopetala (Bak.f) intwo districts of Bale zone, Oromia, southeast Ethiopia

Wondmagegn Bekele^1*, Bikila Mengistu², Hirpa Abebe¹, Zerihun Dibaba¹ and Fikru Ameyu¹

¹Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Bale-Robe, Ethiopia

²Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Fitche Agricultural Research Center, North-Shewa, Ethiopia

Accepted 8 March, 2022

Abstract

In Ethiopia study on provenance variability effects on survival and growth performance of Moringa stenopetala is very scarce despite it is one of the most exciting plants that we have to see closely for its conservation and genetic improvement. Study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of provenance on survival and growth performance of M. stenopetala at Dello-menna and Goro research sites of Sinana Agricultural Research Center of Bale, Southeast Ethiopia.The tested provenanceswere Konso, Abay and Bale collecting their planting materials from the respective Arbaminch, Filiklik and Dell-menna locations. The experiment laid out in RCBD design with three replications.In study,the necessary data parameters(survival rate, plant height, root collar diameter and diameter at breast height) were recorded and analyzed by using R software. As to resultsprovenance effects on theseparameteris considerably(p < 0.05) varied. Accordingly, survival rate at Dello-mennaresearch sub site reported within a rangeof70.30% to 85.19%.While at Goro, it ranges from 33.33% to 73.5% amongthe provenance. Height growth ranged 121.3 cm to 251.3cm at Dello-menna site, and from 46.4cm to 117.9cm at Goro. Besides, rootcollar diameter at Dello-menna site reported within a rangeof 2.59 cm to 7.17 cm among provenances, and 3.83 cm to 5.90 cm at Goro.The result pointed thatoverboth sites the survival and growth of Konso provenance had showed good performance followed by Abay and Bale, respectively. Thus, at the sites maximum M. stenopetala production can be achieved if Konso provenance majorly used as seed source for further plantation.Besides, Abay provenance at Dello-menna and Bale at Goro sites alternatively can be considered in some cases. However, to make a firm conclusion as to the genetic variability among provenances the continued observation strongly recommended.

Keywords: Abay-provenance, Bale-provenance, Diameter at breast height, Konso-provenance, Plant height, Root collar diameter.

International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN: 2375-1096 Vol. 10 (8), pp. 001-012, August, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Growth of shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa G F. Gaertn.) seedlings in semi-arid agroforestry systems of Burkina Faso under in situ climatic factors

Sibiry Albert Kaboré ^1*, Brigitte Bastide², Bokary Allaye Kelly³, Mahesh Poudyal⁴ and Joseph Issaka Boussim⁵

¹University Center of Tenkodogo, Thomas SANKARA University (UTS), 01 BP 1757 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

²Department of Environment and Forest DEF/INERA - Station of Farako-Bâ - BP 910 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

³Institute of Rural Economy, Regional Center of Agronomic Research of Sikasso, BP 178, Sikasso, Mali.

⁴School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom.

⁵Laboratory of Plant Biology and Ecology, University Joseph KI-ZERBO - 03 BP 848 Ouagadougou 03 Burkina Faso.

Accepted 07 April, 2022 

Abstract

Shea trees (Vitellaria paradoxa) are the most preferred tree species in agroforestry parklands and widely used in West Africa semi-arid areas. However, the number of shea trees in parklands declines where fruits are extensively harvested. This study aims to assess seasonal factors and land-use practices on the growth of young plants. The research questions were: (i) how do the recruitment, the mortality and the growth of juveniles occur during the year; and (ii) how does land-use affect the regeneration? The study was carried out at the South Sudanian climatic zone of Burkina Faso. Stratified and randomised sampling was used to set-up seventeen (17) plots in six (6) types of land-use. Monthly counting and growth measurement of the juveniles were performed on 4011 seedlings. The results show that during the dry season, the stems of 54 % to 84 % of the juveniles dried. Bush fires have negative impact on regeneration survival. Dry individuals regenerate during the wet season. The best average growth of juveniles recorded was 1.7 cm (p< 0.001) over ten months. It will be better to adopt assisted natural regeneration to rejuvenate shea trees in farmlands and to select tolerant individuals to the dryness climatic conditions for plantation.

Keywords: Plant growth, regeneration, shea tree, seedlings, semi-arid zone Burkina Faso.

International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN: 2375-1096 Vol. 10 (7), pp. 001-009, July, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of forest management on plant species diversity in Castanea sativa stands in Salamanca (Spain) and the Cévennes (France)

Hélène Gondard¹, Ignacio Santa Regina²*, Sergio Salazar², Alvaro Peix² and Francois Romane¹

¹Cefe (C.N.R.S.-U.P.R. 9056), 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France.

²Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca, P. box 257 C/Cordel de Merinas 40, E-37071 Salamanca, Spain.

Accepted 19 January, 2022

Abstract

For the last centuries, marked land use changes have taken place throughout the Mediterranean region. These changes have a great impact on plant diversity, variations of which can affect in return ecosystem functioning. This is particularly true for sweet chestnut ( Castanea sativa Mill.) stands (groves or coppices) that have been more or less abandoned since the end of the last century. Thus, our objective was to analyse the consequences of various management types on plant species diversity, or to analyse if the land use changes may affect the diversity of plant species in chestnut areas of Southern Europe: in chestnut stands of the Honfría forest, located in the South of Salamanca province in Spain, and in the Cévennes in Southern France. Results indicate that plant species diversity is higher in groves than in coppice stands. Cultivated groves were generally characterized by small heliophilous therophytes, and abandoned groves by hemicryptophytes with anemochorous dispersal mode and chamaephytes. Coppice stands were characterized more particularly by phanerophytes with zoochorous dispersal mode. Thus, plant species diversity differs according to management types. The 17% of common species were found between the two Mediterranean areas studied. This difference can be explained by different ecological conditions (elevation, soil type), different management types (grove, coppice stand), and different stand characteristics (shoot density, diameter at breast height). The cultivated grove plots were very different from the other stands that constituted one sub-group. In the Honfría forest, the values of Jaccard index indicated that the cultivated grove had a plant species composition very different from the other stands. In the Cévennes, the lowest values of the Jaccard index were also found between the cultivated grove and the other stands. One solution could be to maintain a landscape mosaic constituted of diverse chestnut stands modified by human activities (chestnut groves, abandoned chestnut groves and chestnut coppice stands). This could allow the enhancement of the high regional plant diversity.

Key words: Functional trait, cultural abandonment, grove, coppice stand, Castanea sativa, Mediterranean area.

International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN: 2375-1096 Vol. 10 (6), pp. 001-004, June, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Discrimination of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) strains using Mexican lime/citrange Troyer combinations (Citrus poncirus/Citrus trifoliata x Poncirus sinensis)

Ndongo Bekolo, Ambang Zachée, Belibi Messanga Louis* and Amougou Akoa

Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Accepted 21 November, 2021

Abstract

Two strains of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) were studied for six years in Yaounde in the forest zone of Cameroon. These strains, S_NCL2 and S_NCL4, were characterized on Lisbon lemon in Nyombe in the littoral zone of Cameroon. They were inoculated onto combinations of Mexican lime/citrange Troyer. The virulent strain S_NCL2 induced a lower lateral growth of the trunk of stocks and scions of six years old combinations. These observations were made three years after inoculation. Tristeza symptoms could not allow for differentiation between the two strains of CTV.

Key words: Tristeza, viral strains, discrimination.