ISSN 2375-1096
Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 3 (6), pp. 187-196, June, 2016. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Impact of farm size and distance of home garden from water sources on farmers’ choices of crops
Meles Defar Tulu1,2* and Meseret O. Zenawi 1
1Mekelle University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Department of Biology, Ethiopia.
2Mekelle University, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources Management (St.), Ethiopia.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 14 April, 2016
Abtstract
Backyard (home garden) agroforestry practice is most popular in the northern part of the country. This backyard agroforestry is practiced as a mixture of crops (vegetables, herbs) and trees (fruits and fodder trees) to provide diversified products to the cultivators. This study found over 40 species of plants maintained in home garden of the study area. Furthermore, agroforestry practice in backyard has a crucial role in the improvement of livelihoods to small scale farmers in the study area through direct subsistence production, indirect subsistence production (such as foods, fuel wood, fodder and shade to the cultivators) and income generation. Furthermore, it has helped to conserve many species of plants in a small areas with providing diversify needs to the farmers. However, we found that availability of water has significantly affected the home garden plant species diversity (t-test, n = 13, p < 0.05). Additionally, there is a high correlation between the diversity of vegetables (leafy, fruit and root and tuber crops, spice and herbs in combination) kept in backyards and availability of water (Number of plant species = 6.11767 (± 0.14790) -0.27023 (± 0.01349) distance from the river r2 = 0.9733, F1, 11 = 401.1 (P < 0.001) planting trees provide rural households with wood products for own consumption as well for sale and play role in decreasing soil degradation. Furthermore, our findings also suggest that households consider a number of attributes in making decision to backyard agroforestry practice. These results can be used by policy makers to promote home garden agroforestry practice in the study area by creating conducive water supply and considering households’ backyard size and roofing system.
Key words: Agroforestry, home garden, backyard, Ethiopia, Tigray.
Meseret O. Zenawi, Meles Defar Tulu*
Page: 187 - 196
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1029Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 3 (5), pp. 179-186, May, 2016. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evaluation on the levels of adoption of agro-forestry technologies between farmers
Benjamin H. Marechera1*, Byron A. Mutambara1, Dambudzo Ullyett1 and Mungoshi Peter2
1Department of Agriculture, Bindura University of Science Education, P. Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe.
2International Centre for Agro-forestry, Zimbabwe.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 17 April, 2016
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to assess and compare the levels of adoption of agro-forestry technologies between trained and untrained farmers, and identify specific factors that affect adoption of technologies. Data from 300 smallholder farmers selected by snowballing from villages where change agents had been trained by the International Center for Research in Agro Forestry was collected using structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science and Microsoft Office Excel. The results showed that there was low level of awareness of agro-forestry technologies among farmers. Formally trained farmers adopted agro-forestry technologies more than informally- trained farmers. Logit regression results showed that the likelihood to adopt live fence was influenced significantly by land ownership, awareness, training, drought, labour and local institutions (p<0.05). Adoption of trees for nutrition was influenced by belonging to a farming group, awareness, training, land size and local institutions (p<0.05). Adoption of improved fallows was influenced by employment status, belonging to farm group, awareness and land size (p<0.05). Factors that influenced adoption of fodder banks were employment status, awareness and training (p<0.05).
Key words: Adoption, agro-forestry technologies, change agents, logit regression.
Dambudzo Ullyett and Mungoshi Peter, Benjamin H. Marechera*, Byron A. Mutambara
Page: 179 - 186
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1028Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 3 (4), pp. 171-178, April, 2016. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of spacing and fertility levels on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different tree species in Terai region
Azim G. Rahman1*, Salman H. Bhabha2, A. R. Gandhi2, Narayan R. Murthy 2, Aamir K. Anand3
1Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni-173 230 (HP), India.
2G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145, India.
3Division of Agronomy, IARI, New Delhi-110012, India.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 22 March, 2016
Abstract
A field experiment was laid out at Pantnagar (Uttarakhand, India) in Mollisols during rabi season (2009-10) to study effect of spacing and fertility levels on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different tree species in Terai region. The experiment was conducted in split-split plot design comprising four tree species in main plots, four spacing treatments in sub plots and four fertility levels in sub-sub plot with three replications. The wheat crop var. PBW-502 was sown on November 29, 2009 and harvested on April 21, 2010. Significant higher grain yield was recorded under Poplar (44.60 qha-1); however, it was statistically at par with Melia (42.60 qha-1) interface at 180-60-40 kg NPK ha-1 fertility level. At 3 × 2.5 m, the wheat growth, yield attributes nd yield (grain, straw and biological yield) under Poplar was significantly higher than closer spacing. Application of 180-60-40 kg NPK ha-1 had significant effect on crop growth and grain yield than other levels of fertility. The correlation coefficient (r) studies exhibited that wheat growth and yield attributing characteristics are significantly (p<0.05) and positively correlated with each other.
Key words: Tree species, spacing, fertility levels, wheat, growth, yield attributes, yield.
Salman H. Bhabha, A. R. Gandhi, Narayan R. Murthy, Azim G. Rahman*, Aamir K. Anand
Page: 171 - 178
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1027Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 3 (3), pp. 164-170, March, 2016. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Assessment of available agroforestry species in protected areas in North-Togo
Tsung Lee Wen1,3, S. M. O. Gabriel2,4 , Deng Dao Jintao1, Dalia James Tzu1*, Chiang Zemin3 and Yoa Wen Pei3
1The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People’s Republic of China.
2College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
3Université de Lomé, Laboratoire de botanique et écologie végétale, Faculté des sciences, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo.
4College of Agronomy, IPR / IFRA, Katibougou Bp: 06, Koulikoro, Mali.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 15 February, 2016
Abstract
The surrender and no juridical statute areas of Northern Togo protected areas were subjected to forest inventory. The data obtained was analyzed after ethnobotanical investigation. The research was conducted in order to determine available forest agroforestry species. It is also aimed to assess and to determine their roles and functions; and to characterize the potential parkland of these areas. The 118 forest samples were processed floristically .Then, Ward method was used through the hierarchical clustering to cluster them into the main group. The agroforestry species sorted after ethnobotanic survey, were analyzed base on the information collected. The results showed that fifty plant species were recorded, among which twenty nine are agroforestry species. The Combretaceae and Leguminous are both the most frequent and the abundant families in the areas. The common agroforestry species still are Vitellaria paradoxa, Parkia biglobosa, Lannea kerstingii, Vitex doniana, Ficus gnaphalocarpa, Sterculia setigera, Tamarindus indica and Adansonia digitata. Four potential agroforestry parklands were found. Parks 2 and 3 present the aspect of regular parkland while the two others include some old fallows and shrubby savanna. The results of this study also show that apart from the frequently quoted agroforestry species, there are also many species which are important for the farmers.
Key words: Agroforestry, surrender, protected, areas, Togo.
Deng Dao Jintao, Tsung Lee Wen, Chiang Zemin and Yoa Wen Pei, S. M. O. Gabriel, Dalia James Tzu*
Page: 164 - 170
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1026Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 3 (2), pp. 158-163, February, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Mycorrhizal colonization of different agroforestry tree species in two social forestry nurseries
Predesh Satihis Ranvid
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India.
E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 28 January, 2016
Abstract
Mycorrhizal colonization of different agroforestry tree species in two social forestry nurseries was investigated. Percentage of Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) infection, number of resting spores and AM fungi species varies both in tree species as well as in two different nurseries. This variation is attributed to various factors such as mycorrhizal status and other management practices. In both nurseries, Glomus species dominated in all tree species followed by Sclerocystic, Gigaspora, Acaulospora, Scutellospora and Entrophospora. Interestingly, Azadirachta indica and Terminalia catappa have shown maximum and minimum infection respectively in both nurseries. Certainly, mycorrhizae could contribute substantially to achieve better results.
Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, agroforestry tree species.
Predesh Satihis Ranvid
Research Article
International Journal of Agroforestry and Silviculture ISSN 2375-1096 Vol. 3 (1), pp. 149-157, January, 2016. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Household social economic factors influencing the adoption of agroforestry tree types and practices
Ngũgĩ Tegla Chadha1*, Daniel D. Kimathi2, Ajumah G. Tergat4 and K. O. Henrie3
1Department of Dryland Agriculture, South Eastern Kenya University, P. O. Box 170 - 90200 Kitui, Kenya.
2Department of Forestry and Land Resource Management, South Eastern Kenya University, P. O. Box 170 – 90200 Kitui, Kenya.
3Department of Dryland Agriculture, South Eastern Kenya University, P. O. Box 170 - 90200 Kitui, Kenya.
4Kenya Forestry Research Institute, P.O Box 87-90137Kibwezi, Kenya.
E-mail:[email protected]
Accepted 18 July, 2015
Abstract
A survey targeting smallholder households was carried out in Mumbuni and Ndovoini sub-locations in the semi arid Makueni County, Kenya, to identify agroforestry types and practices and their level of adoption and socio-economic factors influencing adoption of agroforestry. The study involved a survey of 234 households using a structured questionnaire. The collected data was subjected to descriptive statistical analysis and binary logistic regression model. Results obtained revealed that more than 90% of the households practised agroforestry. It was also observed that significantly (P<0.01) more agroforestry trees in overall were planted at Mumbuni (40 trees/acre) than at Ndovoini (9 trees/acre). Agroforestry annually contributed 41 and 17% of farm-based income in Mumbuni and Ndovoini, respectively. Adoption of agroforestry was significantly influenced by the size of the household, mode of acquisition of land, security of land tenure, size of landholding, gender and the level of education of the head household. Adoption of sustainable agroforestry practices was low in both sites. There were 50 to 58% of households with fruit trees dispersed on crop land; the other practices on fruits were poorly being carried out (<20%). The highest practices on forest wood trees were homestead planting (Mumbuni 40.2% and Ndovoini 70.1%); the rest were poorly adopted (<25%). Agroforestry practices on fodder were least adopted (<16%).
Key words: Agroforestry, agroforestry practices, Makueni County, semi arid lands, socio-economic factors, adoption of agroforestry.
E-mail:[email protected]
Ngũgĩ Tegla Chadha*, Ajumah G. Tergat and K. O. Henrie, Daniel D. Kimathi