International Journal of Petroleum and Gas Engineering

International Journal of Petroleum Engineering ISSN 5675-0715 Vol.  1 (3) pp. 041-045, December, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Advancement of simple correspondence to assess the petroleum prospective of Quseir - Safaga oil shale, Egypt

*Hosni Morsi, Abdel Mubarak and Ahmed Tawfiq Nasser

Department of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.

E-mail:[email protected]

Accepted 25 November, 2014

Abstract

The specific gravity of oil shale can be used as a practical tool for estimating total organic carbon (TOC) and the oil yield of shales from a given source. Sixteen random oil shale samples, mostly from the Upper Cretaceous Duwi Formation in Quseir - Safaga district in the Eastern Desert of Egypt, were collected. Experiments were conducted to determine the density, TOC and oil yield of such samples. The study has developed empirical correlations that show good relationships between the oil shale density (solid organic and mineral density), its TOC and oil yield. Validation of these correlations has been verified by examining two more samples and tested mathematically. The obtained results of TOC and oil yield from the correlations were not as reliable as values obtained from the experimental work especially for the lower TOC samples. The average error has been evaluated to be 15.9%. However, they are accurate enough for certain processes like oil shale processing, where time and equipment restrictions do not allow experimental determination of the TOC and oil yield, and rapid results are desired. These correlations provide a convenient, nondestructive and rapid means of estimating the oil yield and TOC of shales from the same formation.

Key words: Quseir - Safaga oil shale, correlations, total organic carbon, oil yield.

International Journal of Petroleum Engineering ISSN 5675-0715 Vol.  1 (3) pp. 031-040, December, 2014.  © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Expulsion of polyaromatic hydrocarbons from waste water by electrocoagulation

Yousif W. Halima, Gamal Sami Sadat, Mohammed El-Baroudi

Petrochemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Sinai University, Cairo, Egypt.

Email: [email protected]

Accepted 18 November, 2014

Abstract 

In the present study, two important groups of factors were studied; the first one corresponds to the Electrocoagulation (EC) process parameters such as current density, pH, electrolysis time and electrolyte concentration that were investigated in terms of their effects on the removal efficiencies of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, specially β-naphthols. The second group of factors analyses the effect of three different anode geometries on the percentage removal of β-naphthols. The present study achieved the following results: The optimum conditions for the removal of β-naphthols for cell No. 1 and 2 were achieved at current density 20 mA/cm², initial pH 7 treated volumes 1.5 L, NaCl concentration 1 g/L and temperature 25°C. Meanwhile, the optimum conditions for cell No. 3 achieved at 106 mA/cm², initial pH = 7, NaCl concentration = 1 g/L and temperature 25°C, treated volume = 0.5 L. The maximum separation efficiency was achieved for cell No. 1 and the lowest for cell No. 2.

Key words: PolyaromaticHydrocarbons, β-naphthols, electrocoagulation, waste water treatment.

International Journal of Petroleum Engineering ISSN 5675-0715 Vol.  1 (2) pp. 024-030, November, 2014.  © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Assessment of rheological properties of Detarium micocarpum, Brachystegea eurycoma utilizing Herschel-Buckley model and their business aaccessibility

Ewolo D. Micheal

Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria.

Email: [email protected]

Accepted 26 October, 2014

Abstract 

Drilling fluids were formulated from biomaterials such as Brachystegea eurycoma and Detarium micocarpum. The laboratory measurements were carried out, and their rheological properties then evaluated. The drilling properties such as yield point, apparent viscosity, and low shear rate yield point were determined from the experimental data. The field polypac additive that is currently in use was formulated and used as control sample to biomaterial products. Both were supplemented with equal concentrations of XC polymer additive and potassium chloride, weighted up with calcium carbonate and barite. Herschel-Buckley model was used to obtain the yield stress. Regression line was established. Plots of cutting transport ratio versus fluid flow rate, and cuttings concentration versus average annular velocity of the biomaterial mud and the existing polypac mud were made at both low and high flow rates for 8½ inch hole diameter. The biomaterial mud was compared with the existing polypac mud and results show that yield stress for low solids, and barite weighted muds are 36 and 30 lbs/100 ft² for biomaterial muds, respectively. The results for low solids and weighted muds of the existing polypac muds also show the yield stress of 35, 26 and 6 lbs/100 ft² for both regression lines. The plots of transport ratio versus fluid flow rate and cuttings concentration versus annular velocity for both biomaterial mud and the existing Polypac mud gave the same trend. Both mud types show good hole cleaning at high flow rates and small diameter holes. The investigations also show that biomaterial products are not commercially available to be used in preparing drilling fluids.

Key words: Biomaterial mud, Polypac mud, Brachystegea eurycoma, Detarium micocarpum.

International Journal of Petroleum Engineering ISSN 5675-0715 Vol.  1 (2) pp. 016-023, November, 2014.  © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Causes of water inundation on the stock of underground gas storage developed in an evacuated oil reservoir

Owunsah E. Kenneth

Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria.

Email:[email protected]

Accepted 06 October, 2014

Abstract 

Effect of water encroachment into an underground gas storage reservoir on its storage capacity (verification of inventory) is presented. Inventory verification is to determine the amount of natural gas to be injected into a particular underground reservoir. Reservoir and production history of a depleted oil reservoir, Z-16T, located in the Niger Delta region were obtained for the analyses. A volumetric equation was used to estimate the storage capacity of the reservoir in two cases (W_e = 0 and W_e ≠ 0, for fifteen different pressures). Microsoft Visual Basic computer model developed based on the same volumetric equation was applied for the same purpose. It was confirmed that the amount of gas to be injected at any given pressure is higher when there is no water influx into the storage reservoir. This has shown that water influx reduces the storage space of an underground storage reservoir.

Key words: storage, capacity, water influx, inventory, encroachment, gas, underground.

International Journal of Petroleum Engineering ISSN 5675-0715 Vol.  1 (1) pp. 010-015, October, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

A Study on the impacts of waste lubricating oil on properties of soil and the conceivable cures

Owumi E. Great

Department of Chemical and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Email: [email protected]

Accepted 26 September, 2014

Abstract 

Waste oil management in Nigeria is not well supervised, hence the indiscriminate disposition into the soil drains and sometimes open water. This has attendant implications on soil and water quality. Need has arisen to evaluate the consequence of such mismanagement on the environment. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of waste oil on the physical and chemical properties of soil in Lagos, and the possible remedies. The soil analysis showed that waste lubricating oil adversely altered the physical and chemical properties of the soil. It resulted in increase in bulk density from 1.10 to 1.15 g/cm³, organic carbon (2.15 to 3.05), moisture content and reduction in pH (6.5 to 6.0), porosity, capillarity (8.10 to 0.04 cm/h), water holding capacity, phosphorus and potassium contents. However, application of remediation agents such as water hyacinth, organic waste (ground corn cobs) and Polyurethane foam to the contaminated soil sample reduced the waste oil concentration and this resulted in improvements in the physical and chemical properties of the soil.

Key words: Waste oil, pollution, remediation, water hyacinth, reduce wear, environment.

International Journal of Petroleum Engineering ISSN 5675-0715 Vol.  1 (1) pp. 001-009, October, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Momentary Pressure investigation of different spillages in a Natural gas pipeline

*Folorusho E. Tunde, Ezeanyi Ifeanyi and Kelechwu E. Ebuka

Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Benin, Edo, Nigeria.

E-mail: [email protected] 

Accepted 01 September, 2014

Abstract 

Pipelines are principal devices for natural gas transportation which are amenable to operational challenges such as leakages. Several methods for predicting leakages in natural gas pipeline have been developed. Some of these techniques detect leakages after several hours while some are prone to false alarms or inaccurate predictions. This study developed a pressure transient analysis model for predicting gas pipeline leakages in real time. The method of characteristics was employed to solve the resultant non-linear gas flow equations without neglecting the inertia term as in previous studies. The system behaviour was simulated after discretizing the pipe length and the differences between observed and calculated variables were used to predict single and multiple leakages. Results were validated using field data.

Key words: Pipeline leakages, natural gas, pressure transient, analytical method, method of characteristics.