International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Extension

International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Extension ISSN 2329-9797 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-011, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Impact of Yeast Bio-fertilizer Application on Sugar Beet Growth and Productivity

Ramadan AGAMY¹, Mohamed HASHEM^2,3* and Saad ALAMRI³

¹Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
²Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, 71516.
³Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 10255, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia.

Accepted 14 December, 2024

Abstract

The use of yeast as a bio-fertilizer in agriculture has received considerable attention because of their bioactivity and safety for human and the environment. This study evaluated the effect of soil amendment with three newly isolated yeast strains on the productivity and the external and internal structure of sugar beet to prove their application as bio-fertilizer. We conducted a two-year pot experiment to investigate the effects of Kluyveromyces walti, Pachytrichospora transvaalensis and Sacharromycopsis cataegensis on the growth and productivity of sugar beet. Soil was inoculated with three doses of each strain (0.0, 50.0 and 100.0 ml pot-1 with concentration of ~108 cfu ml-1). Results showed that application of the yeasts significantly (P < 0.05) increased the photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugars, sucrose, and total soluble proteins of sugar beet. K. walti showed the best results among the three yeasts. It increased the sucrose content by about 43% of the control. Anatomy of the leaf and the root showed an increase in thickness of the blade, midvein, dimensions of the vascular bundles, and number and diameter of xylem vessels as the result of application of yeasts. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the culture filtrates of the yeasts detected some beneficial secondary metabolites that could enhance the plant vigor and the physical and chemical properties of the soil. We assume that application of K. walti, P. transvaalensis and S. cataegensis as bio-fertilizers is a good alternative of the chemicals in the sustainable and organic farming and safe for human and environment.

Key words: Bio-fertilizer, sugar beet, yeast, anatomy, secondary metabolites.
 

International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Extension ISSN 2329-9797 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluating the Energy Contributions of Key Biomass Residues in Croatia

Tajana Kricka, Nikola Bilandzija*, Vanja Jurisic, Neven Voca and Ana Matin

Faculty of Agriculture University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Accepted 16 September, 2024

Abstract

This paper examines the total quantities of combustible (carbon, hydrogen, and sulphur) and non-combustible matters (oxygen, nitrogen, moisture, and ash) contained in biomass of all major forest crops (oak, beech-tree, maple, yoke elm and fir), woody horticultural crops (apple, grapevine, sour-cherry, plum, and hazelnut) and arable crops (wheat, soybean, rapeseed, and sunflower) in the territory of Croatia. Also, in addition to briquette production, pelleting is the most often used technology in the biomass treatment. For this purpose, pellets were produced from these sorts of biomass and analyzed according to DINplus standard requirements (durability, bulk density, diameter, length, ash content, nitrogen content, sulphur content, chlorine content, volatiles content, coke content, fixed carbon content and lower energy value).

Key words: Renewable energy sources, agricultural biomass, forest biomass, pellets.
 

International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Extension ISSN 2329-9797 Vol. 12 (8), pp. 001-004, August, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper
    
Exploring Edible Plant Traditional Knowledge Among Temuan Villagers in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

H. C. Ong, P. F. J. Mojiun and P. Milow*

Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Accepted 7 April, 2024

Abstract

A total of 62 species of edible plants were reported to be used by the villagers in Kampung Guntor. The edible parts were obtained from 17 species of wild plants, 23 species of cultivated plants and 22 species of plants that exist as both wild and planted. More species (26) were eaten cooked compared to the raw species (17). Fruits and seeds were the most common parts used with a total of 38 species followed by the leafy parts with 15 species. It is important not only to record such traditional knowledge and conduct further studies but also to take steps to conserve the genetic diversity of edible plants before they are lost to humankind forever. The knowledge, as well as usage, of certain edible plants is on the decrease due to various factors such as changes in culture, personal preferences, the tedious process of preparing certain food items, and the changes in habitat, thereby causing certain edible plants to be unavailable or less available.

Key words: Temuan, traditional knowledge, edible plants.

International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Extension ISSN 2329-9797 Vol. 12 (8), pp. 001-006, August, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Perceptions of Chinese Farmers towards Agricultural Machinery Brands

Feng Jianying, Lu Peng, Mu Weisong, Zhang Xiaoshuan and Fu Zetian*

China Agricultural University, No.17, Qinghua Donglu, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.

Accepted 9 March, 2024

Abstract

With the development of agricultural machinery industry in the modern market economy, brand variety of agricultural machinery will face an increasing strong competition in China, so a consumer-based brand research on agricultural machinery will be necessary. A questionnaire survey was conducted in this paper focusing on Chinese farmers’ perception toward brands of agricultural machinery. The empirical study with tractor brands indicated that farmers showed different awareness to domestic and foreign agricultural machinery brands. National tractor brands got more attention from consumers and Dong fang hong (YTO) brand gained the most familiarity. Foreign brands, New Holland and John Deere had higher perceptive price, but Chinese brands, Dong fang hong (YTO) and Foton acquired higher perceptive value, and domestic brands, Dong fang hong (YTO) and Shi feng got more preference and purchase intention from consumers.

Key words: Brand perception, perceptive price, brand value, agricultural machinery.
 

International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Extension ISSN 2329-9797 Vol. 12 (7), pp. 001-011, July, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Impact of Rice Plant Secondary Metabolites on Nilaparvata lugens Stål Resistance

Lang Yang^1,2, Guang-Wen Liang¹*, Feng-Kuan Huang², Ling Zeng¹ and Bing Lin¹

^₁Laboratory of Insect Ecology, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
²Plant Protection Research Institution, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanning 530007, China.

Accepted 9 March, 2024

Abstract

It is very difficult and complex to distinguish and estimate rice varieties’ resistance. Thus, it is necessary to built up a simple, nicety, steady and speedy method of resistant appraisement. Secondary metabolite is the important basic substance of rice resistance. The correlation of rice plant resistance to brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stål, with 20 distinct secondary metabolite high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) peaks were investigated. Two resistance prediction models were established through multiple regression analysis. Model A was established for the resistance of brown planthopper (BPH) field population II, and model B was established for the resistance of field population Bangladesh. The correlations between the BPH resistance levels (Y) of rice varieties and the peak areas (X) were significant (R’ = 0.961 and 0.942 for model A and model B respectively, p<0.01). The results showed that in model A, peak 2, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17 and 18 were the secondary metabolites that affected the resistance to BPH. In model B, peak 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 were the metabolite peaks that affected resistance. It was demonstrated that the resistant activity of rice varieties to BPH was closely associated with quantitative combinations of many secondary metabolites, which suggested that the BPH resistance of rice plants was the results of actions of several secondary metabolites that varied in contributions. The validation results showed that field bioassay scores agreed with the simulated scores well, indicating that these models were useful and accurate. And these models can be used as fast assistant-method to evaluate the resistance of rice plant to BPH and assist the selection of resistant rice plants for breeding.

Key words: Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stål, field population, high performance liquid chromatography, model.
 

International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Extension ISSN 2329-9797 Vol. 12 (6), pp. 001-007, June, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of Protein Nutritional Value and True Metabolizable Energy Content in High Oil Poultry By-Product Meal

Kalvandi Omid¹, Janmohammadi Hossein²* and Sadeghi Ghorbanali¹

¹Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Iran.
²Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran.

Accepted 22 March, 2024

The three high oil poultry by-product meal (PBPM) samples were obtained from three poultry slaughter-houses in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. For evaluating of protein quality, 126 male broiler chicks in a completely randomized design as factorial arrangement was used and fed experimental diets from 8 to 17 days of age. The experimental diets consisted of a nitrogen-free basal diet based on corn starch and glucose and six semipurified diets. Semipurified diets were obtained by replacing each of the three PBPM samples with portion of cornstarch and glucose in the nitrogen-free basal diet to provide 6 and 10% crude protein (CP). Sixteen cecectomized roosters (4 roosters per PBPM sample and 4 roosters for determining endogenous energy loss) were used for determination of true metabolizable energy (TMEn) content of PBPM samples. TMEn content of PBPM samples was different significantly (p<0.05) and was 3696 kcal/Kg as average. PER and NPR values varied from 1.29 to 1.727 and 2.463 to 3.001 and showed significant differences among PBPM samples (p<0.05). The results showed that with increasing CP level, protein efficiency ratio (PER) values was increased (p<0.05). Net protein ratio (NPR) value was not affected by CP level. As the assay length increased from 6 to 10 days, PER and NPR values decreased (p<0.05). Protein quality ranking, with PER, among three PBPM samples is the same in two period assays.

Key words: High oil poultry by-product meal, protein quality, metabolizable energy, cecectomized rooster.