African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 2 (2), pp. 109-112, February, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Analysis of microbial quality and safety of camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk chain and implications in Kenya

Matofari J. W.*, Shalo, P. L., Younan, M., Nanua, J. N., Adongo, A., Qabale and Misiko, B. N.

Food Science Department, Egerton University, Kenya

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 26 February, 2013

Abstract

The camel milk chain was investigated for microbial quality and safety and its implications to public health. At production, 66% of the samples had microbial load less than 10⁵ cfu/ml compared to 54% at bulking and marketing where the microbial load was over 10⁶ colony forming units (cfu)/ml. Gram-positive cocci (42%) were the majority at production. Gram-negative rods formed the majority (54%) at bulking and marketing. Salmonella spp. were detected at production and bulking levels. There was slow rate in acid development in camel milk decreasing total viable count at market level by 29% in 5 h.

Key words: Camel milk chain, microbial quality, safety, acid development.

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production ISSN 2375-1258 Vol. 2 (1), pp. 104-108, January, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of storage time and temperature on raw milk composition of dairy cattle in tropical conditions

Vinsoun Millogo¹*, Mariétou Sissao¹, Alice Gisèle Sidibé/Anago² and Georges Anicet Ouédraogo¹

¹Department of Animal Production, Research Laboratory for Training in Animal Health and Biotechnology (LA.R.E.S.B.A), Institute of Rural Development, Polytechnic University of Bobo-Dioulasso, 01 PO. Box 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.

²Department of Animal Production, Research Institute on Environment and Agriculture (IN.E.R.A), 04 PO. Box 8645 Ouagadougou 04, Burkina Faso.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 23 September, 2014

Abstract 

Storage milk before reaching processing unit is a difficult step in tropical conditions. Milk samples of 240 mL each were collected from 50 lactating cows from November 2010 to March 2011 and stored at room temperature and at +4°C in the refrigerator at consecutive hours. Milk composition was determined using infrared spectroscopy (FMA 2001, Miris AB, Sweden). The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the least square means were compared using Tukey test at p< 0.05. Raw milk fat and protein contents were higher in evening than morning milk (p< 0.05). Milk fat was 3.12 ± 0.08 and 3.73 ± 0.08 % during morning and evening, respectively. It was similar for protein content, 2.77 ± 0.02 % and 3.39 ± 0.02 %. After 24 h at room temperature (+28-30°C), milk fat significantly decreases to 3.08 ± 0.02 %. At +4°C, milk fat was 3.69 ± 0.08% after 24 and 3.68 ± 0.08 %after 120 h storage time. It was concluded that, cooling milk at room temperature is completely discarded after 24 hours. However, +4°C was adapted to cool milk during four (04) days without any significant damage.

Key words: Milk, composition, storage, temperature, time.

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production Vol. 1 (3), pp. 067-071, October, 2013. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Analysis of factors affecting dairy goat farming in Keiyo North and Keiyo South Districts of Kenya 

Kipserem J., Sulo T.*, Chepng’eno W. and Korir M. 

Department of Agricultural Economics, Moi University, P. O. Box 3900, Eldoret, Kenya.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 8 August, 2013

Abstract

Dairy goat milk production is undertaken in traditional extensive production systems with limited resources and harsh climatic conditions. Less attention has been given to goat milk and related products to minimize poverty food insecurity. The main objective of this study was to analyze the factors of production for dairy goat farming. It was hypothesized that farmers’ factor inputs do not significantly impact on the output of the dairy goat farm enterprise. The study was carried out in Keiyo District of Kenya using a sample of 100 farmers. Multistage,Purposive and Simple random techniques were used. Cobb-Douglas production model,marginal value product and marginal factor cost were used for computations. The findings of the study revealed that the factors of production analyzed had a significant impact to the total output produced. It was established that land under dairy goat, cost of disease and pest were significant. Policy recommendations towards adequate land under dairy goats and improved management practices aimed at cheaper and effectively utilized inputs may be a priority for the dairy goat industry.

Key words: Goat farming, dairy goat milk, production, factors.

African Journal of Dairy Farming and Milk Production Vol. 1 (3), pp. 044-050, October, 2013. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Smallholder dairy production in Southern Vietnam: Production, management and milk quality problems

Vo Lam¹, Ewa Wredle²*, Nguyen The Thao¹, Ngo Van Man³ and Kerstin Svennersten-Sjaunja²

¹Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Angiang University, Angiang Province, Vietnam.

²Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Kungsängen Research Center, S- 753 23 Uppsala, Sweden.

³Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Agriculture and Forestry Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 23 August, 2013

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the prerequisites for dairy production at smallholder farms in Southern Vietnam and to identify the strengths and weaknesses in management at farm level. Data on milk production, management routines and heat stress were collected during farmer interviews and field observations on 120 smallholder dairy farms. Individual milk samples were taken from 360 cows. The average herd contained 12 animals (ranging from 2 to 17), dominated by lactating cows. The main dairy breeds were Holstein Friesian crossbreeds, mostly at F2, F3 and F4. The mean Temperature-Humidity Index was 81 (range 75 to 97) in the morning and 85 (range 72 to 104) in the afternoon and the mean respiration rates for cows were 54 (range 30 to 102) and 70 (range 35 to 116) breaths per minute, with mean rectal temperatures of 38.8°C (range 38 to 39) and 39.3°C (range 38.3 - 40.9). The milk somatic cell count (SCC) was high in all farms, averaging 1, 300, 000 cells/mL. The strength of the dairy producers was their willingness for further education, as 80% of the farmers attended training courses, while poor udder health and heat stress were the most pronounced problems.

Key words: Milk quality, questionnaire, smallholder dairy farms, milk somatic cell count.