The Impact of UN Peacekeeping Mandates on Civilian Safety: A Comparative Analysis of MINUSMA Operations in Central Mali

Global Journal of Peace and Conflict Studies | Vol. 10, No. 7, July 2019 | pp. 55–63

DOI: 10.46882/2019/GJPCS/100701

Article Type: Original Research Paper

Title: The Impact of UN Peacekeeping Mandates on Civilian Safety: A Comparative Analysis of MINUSMA Operations in Central Mali

Authors: Amina J. Diallo¹, Viktor I. Morozov²

Authors’ Affiliations: ¹Department of Peace and Conflict Studies, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali; ²Department of International Security Studies, Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Moscow, Russian Federation

Abstract:
The United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) operates within an asymmetric security landscape where peacekeepers are frequently targeted by violent non-state actors. This paper evaluates the operational effectiveness of MINUSMA's civilian protection mandate in central Mali, focusing on the structural limits of static versus mobile force deployments from 2016 to 2018. Drawing on field data and key informant interviews with 42 humanitarian coordinators and local community leaders, we analyze the tactical constraints facing UN forces. The findings reveal that while static UN operating bases protect immediate urban centers, they leave surrounding rural villages exposed to targeted insurgent attacks and communal violence. Statistical analysis indicates that regions dependent on static peacekeeping garrisons report a 48% higher rate of rural civilian displacements following asymmetric skirmishes. The study demonstrates that a risk-averse military culture, combined with severe logistical deficits in helicopter mobility, prevents proactive patrolling beyond major transit routes. We conclude that enhancing civilian safety requires transforming peacekeeping frameworks to prioritize highly mobile, decentralized tactical units capable of rapid deployment to remote areas.

Keywords: MINUSMA; Peacekeeping Operations; Protection of Civilians; Mali Insurgency; Asymmetric Warfare; Livelihood Displacement

Manuscript Timeline: Received: December 10, 2018; Revised: February 20, 2019; Accepted: April 15, 2019; Published: July 18, 2019

Citation: Diallo, A. J., & Morozov, V. I. (2019). The Impact of UN Peacekeeping Mandates on Civilian Safety: A Comparative Analysis of MINUSMA Operations in Central Mali. Global Journal of Peace and Conflict Studies, 10(7), 55–63. DOI: 10.46882/2019/GJPCS/100701

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