African Journal of Agronomy

African Journal of Agronomy ISSN 2375-1177 Vol. 7 (1), pp. 001-008, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effects of different rates of compound D and cattle manure as basal dressing with different rates of ammonium nitrate as top-dressing under wetland conditions

Peter Nkomo¹, Mujuru Kembo² and Ndlovu Msika³

¹Seed Services Institute, P. O. Box CY 550, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe.

²Chiredzi Research Station, P. O. Box 97, Chiredzi, Zimbabwe.

³Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe.

Accepted 05 November, 2018

Abstract

Smallholder farmers are facing problems of low soil fertility causing maize yield reduction of up to 1.5 tonnes per hectare (t/ha) compared to 5 t/ha obtained in the commercial sector. A maize trial was conducted on two wetlands in Natural Region IV of Zimbabwe at Zungwi vlei to determine effects of different rates of compound D and cattle manure as basal dressing with different rates of ammonium nitrate as top-dressing. The maize used was a two-way early maturing hybrid developed by Seed Co. (SC513) for marginal areas. Four basal applications were applied in the trial as treatments for two seasons with four different levels of nitrogen applied as subplots factor. The analysis revealed a highest significant increase in grain yield when 300 kilogrammes per hectare (kg/ha) of compound D was applied with 150 kg/ha of ammonium nitrate (N) as top-dressing. Significant increase in grain yield was also observed when cattle manure was applied with 150 kg/ha top-dressing of N. There was a significant yield advantage when the nitrogen was increased after applying a basal dressing in both sites for the two seasons. In order to achieve high yields, the use of compound D at 300 kg/ha as basal dressing and top-dressing at 150 kg/ha N is highly recommended to farmers. However, for the low-resourced and poor farmers, the use of cattle manure which is generally cheaper and affordable is recommended.

Key words: Cattle manure, ammonium nitrate, wetland, yield, maize.