ISSN 2167-0404
International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences ISSN: 2167-0404, Vol. 2 (1), pp. 042-046, 27 January, 2012. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Clinical Characteristics of Intermittent Exotropia
Alshaarawi M.A1. Salem, Faudziah Abd Manan2, Syed Wasif Gillani3 and Nadiah Wan-Arfah4
1 Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
2 Department of Optometry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
3 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, 11800, Malaysia.
4Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
Corresponding Author’s E-mail: [email protected]
Received January 4, 2012; Accepted January 26, 2012
Abstract
Purpose: To examine the clinical characteristics of intermittent exotropia in subjects of 6 to 30 years old.
Design: A cross sectional study
Methods: A study was conducted at Binocular Vision Clinic in Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM) which involved 30 subjects in intermittent exotropia group and 30 subjects from control group. Non-probability sampling was applied. The ocular parameters included refractive error, measurement of visual acuity for distance and near, assessment of ocular deviation at near and distance employing the cover test and prism cover test, measurement of negative and positive fusional reserves using a prism bar and measurement of amplitude of accommodation using RAF rule. Other than that the ocular motility at nine positions of gaze was also examined, including assessment of binocularly by means of a TNO test for near vision and a Worth-4-Dots test for distant vision. Independent t test and Mann whitney test were used in data analysis.
Results: There were significant differences for visual acuity at 6m, amplitude of accommodation, vergence for 6m and 40cm for prism cover test, stereopsis and near point convergences (NPC) between intermittent exotropia and control groups.
Conclusion: The findings concluded that female are the most common in both groups’ intermittent exotropia subjects and the non squint subjects and the majority is Malay subjects.
Keywords: Exotropia, ocular parameters, clinical characteristics, Malaysia, ethnicity