ISSN 2736-1756
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (7), pp. 001-007, July, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Prevalence of β-lactamase-producing and non-producing methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in clinical samples in Bangladesh
Md. Ekramul Haque1, Mohammad Shahriar1, Anika Haq1, Bernadette Charlotte Gomes1, M. Mahboob Hossain1, Md. Abdur Razzak2 and Md. Abdul Mazid3*
1Department of Pharmacy, The University of Asia Pacific, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh.
2Department of Microbiology, Primeasia University, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh.
3Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
Accepted 29 March, 2018
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus has been reported to be a major cause of community and hospital acquired infections. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics resulted in the development of multi-drug resistant S. aureus throughout the world. Development of multi-drug resistant strains of S. aureus is increasingly alarming in Bangladesh. We attempted to study the current prevalence of β-lactamase-producing and non-producing methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in clinical samples and to find out the correlation of antimicrobial resistance pattern with their plasmid profiles. Twenty three clinical isolates of S. aureus were evaluated during the study period (2009). The isolates were identified by conventional methods. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was performed by disk diffusion method. Plasmid profiles were observed by agarose gel electrophoresis. In the present investigation, 43·48% isolates were ensured methicillin resistant while the remaining 56·52% isolates were found to be methicillin sensitive by disk diffusion method. β-lactamase test which was performed by acid formation method showed that 50% of the MRSA isolates produced β-lactamase. Our studies of resistance pattern to commonly prescribed antimicrobials showed that MRSA isolates were highly sensitive to vancomycin (100%), fusidic acid (90%), chloramphenicol (80%), neomycin (80%), rifampin (80%), gentamycin (70%), ceftriaxone (60%), cephalexin (60%), ciprofloxacin (60%), and cloxacillin (60%). Plasmid profiling of the selected resistant isolates of Staphylococcus revealed clear and distinct bands of plasmid DNA. These isolates showed severe resistance to amoxicillin (70%), co-trimoxazole (90%) and erythromycin (80%).
Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), resistance, β-lactamase, Bangladesh.