ISSN 2326-7291
International Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology ISSN 2326-7291 Vol. 14 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Patterns of Multi-Drug and Pandrug Resistance Among Gram-Negative Species: Insights from a Tehran Teaching Hospital
Zohreh Aminizadeh1* and Mohtaram Sadat Kashi2
1Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
2Loghman Hakim Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Accepted 6 November, 2024
Resistance in specific gram-negative bacteria, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is of great concern, for there are growing numbers of reports of how these microorganisms have become resistant to all available antibacterial agents used in therapy. A descriptive study was conducted in a teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran, in 2008. A Total of 295 clinical gram negative species were isolated at Microbiology Laboratory Hospital from patients’ specimens. Anti-biograms were done on Mueller-Hinton agar plates with disk diffusion method according to Kirby-Bauer method. Among 295 isolated gram-negative, Escherichia coli was the most common organism then followed by K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter, P. aeruginosa, Acinetobacter, Proteus and Citrobacter. Multi-drug-resistant (MDR) gram negative strains were detected in 162(55%) of isolates. These included E. coli [67(41.35%)], K. pneumoniae [35(21.6%)], P. aeruginosa [27(16.7%)], Enterobacter [19(11.73%)], Acinetobacter [14(8.65%)]. Ten patients were identified to have infection due to pandrug-resistant (PDR) gram-negative bacteria including: P. aeruginosa [3 cases (30%)], A. baumannii [3 cases (30%)], Enterobacter [2 cases (20%)], K. pneumoniae [1 case (10%)], E. coli [1 case (10%)]. Presence of MDR and PDR resistance and reduced susceptibility to third generation cephalosporins, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is considered a serious clinical problem.
Key words: Multi-drug-resistant, pandrug-resistant, gram-negative bacteria, sensitivity.