ISSN 2736-1578
African Journal of Gender and Women Studies ISSN 2516-9831 Vol. 4 (7), pp. 001-013, July, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Gender differential in life expectancy: trends, determinants and empirical findings
*Abdulraheem I.S1, Jimoh A.A.G2, and Oladipo A.R3
1Senior lecturer/Consultant, Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, College of Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
2Senior lecturer/Consultant, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
3Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Accepted 08 January, 2019
Abstract
Within populations, differences in life expectancy exist; that is, with regard to gender. The longevity gap between male and female has been in existence since the creation of man and the gap persists across the globe, from developed to developing nations. Females tend to outlive males in all populations, and have lower mortality rates at all ages, starting from infancy. However, the degree to which females outlive males varies; the difference is around three years in the less developed countries and approximately seven years in developed countries. The interaction of genetic and environmental risk factors and socialization are responsible for longevity difference by gender. A sex-specific consideration of risk behavior and quality of life suggests that a healthy lifestyle, relevant information and preventive measures particularly in males must be initiated before puberty if they are to have a positive effect on mortality and morbidity during the course of a person's life.
Key words: Gender, life expectancy, trends, determinants