ISSN 2736-1756
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Variability in antimicrobial activity of latex from two varieties of Ficus carica
Houda Lazreg Aref1*, Bel Hadj Salah Karima2, Abdelwaheb Fekih5, Rachid Chemli6, Massoud Mars3, Mahjoub Aouni2, Jean Pierre Chaumon4 and Khaled Said1
1Laboratoire de Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio ressources (UR 03ES09), Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie.
2Laboratoire des Maladies Transmissibles et Substances Biologiquement Actives, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie.
3Laboratoire U.R. Agro biodiversité, Département des sciences Horticoles Institut Supérieur Agronomique, 4042, Tunisie.
4Laboratoire de Botanique et cryptogamie, Faculté de Pharmacie Besançon, 25000 cedex, France.
5Laboratoire de Chimie, 03/UR/1202, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie.
6Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et phytothérapie, Faculté de pharmacie, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie
Accepted 19 January, 2019
Abstract
Fig latex has been a typical component in the health -promoting Mediterranean diet for millennia. To study its potential constituents, two varieties differing in color of fruit [Bidhi Bither: (BB); Kahli Bither: (KB)] and their growth area were analyzed for their organic extracts against sixteen microbes. The capacity of extracts was evaluated based on the inhibition zone, using the disc-diffusion assay, minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) for bacteria and yeasts, the method of calculating the inhibition percentage (I%) and Agar punched wells method for fungi, respectively. Extracts of (BB1) variety from Chott Meriam showed the highest antimicrobial activities against the studied microorganisms when compared to (KB) variety and those from Mahdia. Ethyl acetate extracts had inhibition effect on the multiplication of Enterococcus faecalis, Citobacter freundii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Escherchia coli. For the opportunist pathogenic yeasts, ethyl acetate and chloroformic fractions showed a very strong inhibition (100%) and an MIC of 0.082 and 1.25 µg/ml for (BB) and (KB), respectively, while ethanolic fraction had a total inhibition against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis. Microsporum canis was strongly inhibited with ethanolic extract (75%) and totally with ethyl acetate extract at a concentration of 500 µg/ml.
Key words: Ficus carica, latex, organic extracts, fungi, yeasts, bacteria, antimicrobial activity.