African Journal of Crop Science

ISSN 2375-1231

African Journal of Crop Science ISSN 2375-1231 Vol. 6 (8), pp. 001-011, August, 2018. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

A breeding scheme for local adoption of cassava (MANIHOT  ESCULENTA  Crantz)

Kawuki R. S.*, Pariyo A., Amuge T., Nuwamanya E., Ssemakula G., Tumwesigye S., Bua A., Baguma Y., Omongo C., Alicai T. and Orone J.

National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), P. O. Box 7084, Kampala, Uganda.

Accepted 03 April, 2018

Abstract

In many rural communities, cassava mosaic disease (CMD) resistant varieties are being rejected by farmers owing to their inferior root qualities when compared to locally adapted varieties. In response to this challenge, we implemented a breeding scheme whose objective was to combine CMD resistance with farmer preferred root qualities, whose genes were respectively sourced for elite and local varieties. We targeted to achieve this goal within five years that comprised of: i) hybridization of complementary parental lines, ii) seedling evaluation trial (SET); iii) clonal evaluation trial (CET); iv) modified preliminary yield trial (MPYT) and v) modified uniform yield trial (MUYT). At SET and CET, emphasis was placed on traits of moderate to high heritability while for MPYT and MUYT emphasis was on traits of low heritability. Generated F1 progeny (4080 half sibs) were established in SET of which 1014 seedlings were selected and advanced to the CET. At CET, only 143 clones were selected and advanced. Under MPYT, slightly less than 50% of the clones were selected, while under MUYT, (8 to 40 clones per site) were selected. Clones selected per site were characterized by: DMC (28 to 38%); ii) HI (0.26 to 0.62); iii) yield (14 to 59 t/ha), resistance to CMD and desirable farmer root qualities. Given this outcome, we have demonstrated the utility of this scheme in accelerating development of locally adapted cassava varieties and thus propose the scheme be referred to as “speed cassava breeding”.

Key words: Cassava breeding, half sibs, local varieties, selection index.

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Amuge T. on Google Scholar Amuge T. on Pubmed Kawuki R. S.* on Google Scholar Kawuki R. S.* on Pubmed Pariyo A. on Google Scholar Pariyo A. on Pubmed Ssemakula G. on Google Scholar Ssemakula G. on Pubmed Omongo C. on Google Scholar Omongo C. on Pubmed Alicai T. and Orone J on Google Scholar Alicai T. and Orone J on Pubmed Tumwesigye S. on Google Scholar Tumwesigye S. on Pubmed Nuwamanya E. on Google Scholar Nuwamanya E. on Pubmed Baguma Y. on Google Scholar Baguma Y. on Pubmed Bua A. on Google Scholar Bua A. on Pubmed