International Journal of Agricultural Sciences

ISSN 2167-0447

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 2 (2), pp. 109- 112, February, 2012. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper


Seroprevalence of Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Rural Household Birds in Lafia, Akwanga and Keffi Metropolis, Nasarawa State Nigeria

Salihu A.E1,Chukwuedo A.A2,Echeonwu G.O.N1, Ibu J.O2, Chukwuekezie J. O1, Ndako J1, Junaid S.A1, Onovoh E.M1 , Paul- Abu L.G1, Ujah A.E1, Dalyop A.K1, Tende M.D1, Shittu, I 2,  Chindo H.Z2 and Umahi N.F3

1 Virology Department, Federal College of Veterinary and Medical Laboratory Technology, National Veterinary Research Institute, P.M.B, 01 Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria.

2 Viral Research Department, National Veterinary Research Institute, P.M.B 01, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria.

3 School of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Usman Danfodio University, Sokoto, Nigeria.

Received December 23, 2011; Accepted 4 February, 2012

*Corresponding Author’s Email: [email protected]

Abstract

A study was carried out to investigate the seroprevalence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in adult rural household scavenging birds raised under the traditional management system in Lafia, Akwanga and Keffi metropolis, Nasarawa State, Nigeria, through antibody detection using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. An overall seroprevalence rate of 28.1% was documented out of the 1030 sera tested. Chicken had seroprevalence rates of 58%, 51% and 55% in Lafia, Akwangwa and Keffi metropolis, respectively. These rates compared to those for guinea fowls and ducks in the entire metropolis were found to be significantly higher (p<0.05). NDV seroprevalence according to study location indicated 31.2% for Lafia, 28.8% for Akwanga and 24% for Keffi, which were not significantly different (p>0.05). HI antibody titres ranging between 4log2 and 10log2 were obtained. Chicken exhibited the highest antibody titre and had a significantly higher (p<0.05) geometric mean titre (GMT) 12.1 than guinea fowl (4.9) and ducks (4.9), respectively. These findings indicate that this category of apparently healthy birds are carriers of Newcastle disease virus and is a threat to commercial poultry production in the study area.

Key words: Newcastle disease, Seroprevalence, Rural Household Birds, Nasarawa State, Nigeria 

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