African Journal of Medicine and Surgery

African Journal of Medicine and Surgery ISSN 2756-3324 Vol. 11 (5), pp. 001-004, May, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Impact of Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamic Stability, Cerebral State Index, and Postoperative Wakefulness in Geriatric Patients Undergoing Total Hip Replacement with General Anesthesia

Jun Zhou, Jie Wang and Fanmin Meng*

Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital, He Nan, China.

Accepted 7 March, 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate how dexmedetomidine (Dex) administration influences hemodynamics [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR)] and cerebral state index (CSI) in elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR) surgery with general anesthesia. Patients aged sixty (60) years undergoing THR surgery and general anesthesia were recruited and randomly divided into an observation and a control group. The 30 patients in the observation group received intravenous 0.3 µg/kg Dex via an implanted minipump, while the control group received saline. Hemodynamic parameters including SBP, DBP, HR, and CSI were recorded at various time points: start of surgery (T0), start of drug administration (T1), 10 minutes post-drug (T2), skin incision (T3), 30 minutes post-incision (T4), extubation (T5), and 30 minutes after extubation (T6). Additionally, wakening time, extubation time, and vigilance/sedation (OAA/S) scores 30 minutes post-surgery were documented. In both groups, SBP, DBP, and HR decreased at T2 and increased at T5, showing significant differences from T0 (P<0.05). The observation group exhibited lower SBP, DBP, and HR at T5 and T6 compared to the control group (P<0.05). CSI decreased at T2 and increased at T5 in both groups, with significant differences from T0 (P<0.05). The observation group also had lower CSI values at T5 and T6 relative to the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the observation group had shorter extubation and wakening times, along with higher vigilance/sedation (OAA/S) scores compared to the control group (P<0.05). Dex administration stabilizes hemodynamics (SBP, DBP, and HR) and reduces CSI in elderly patients undergoing THR surgery with general anesthesia, also decreasing extubation and wakening times post-surgery.

Key words: Dexmedetomidine, aged patients, total hip replacement, general anesthesia, hemodynamics, cerebral function index, extubation time, wakening time.