ISSN 2736-1594
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN: 2736-1594 Vol. 10 (9), pp. 001-026, September, 2022. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The role of anemia in term and preterm pregnancies: Evidence from the Brazilian Multicenter Study on Preterm Birth (EMIP)
Clara Cooper¹, Kelvin Smith², Larry Williamsᶾ*
Affiliations:
Correspondingauthor:
Maria Laura Costa, MD, PhD
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Rua Alexander Fleming 101, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-881, Brazil
Phone number: +55 (19) 3521-9482; Email address: [email protected]
Abstract
Purpose: Evaluate prevalence of anemia in term and preterm pregnancies and compare maternal and perinatal outcomes.Methods: Secondary analysis of Brazilian Multicenter Study on Preterm Birth (EMIP). Cross sectional study on preterm births,with sample of term births. Analysis compared prevalence of anemia in term and preterm births and among their types (spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM), or provider initiatedpreterm birth (piPTB)) and between women with anemia in both groups. Multivariate analysis to identify conditions that independently associated to anemia in term and preterm groups was performed. Results:Study included 3716 preterm and 1048 term births. Prevalence of anemia was 33.23% and 27.74% in preterm and term pregnancies respectively. Anemia was higher among the pPROM group (36.3%, p=0.029). Multivariate analysis showed association with anemia and living area in term group (p= 0.001), urinary tract infection in sPTB and piPTB group (p<0.001), neonatal morbidity (p= 0.001), inadequate number of prenatal care visits (p= 0.009) in pPROM group. Conclusion: Anemia was associated with poor maternal education, children below 5 years, late onset of prenatal care and less than six medical visits. Also, was more prevalent in preterm births.
Keywords: anemia, pregnancy, preterm birth, antenatal care, adverse neonatal outcomes