ISSN 2375-0731
African Journal of Pig Farming ISSN 2375-0731 Vol. 6 (10), pp. 001-006, October, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Mitochondrial genome of Taiwan pig (SUS SCROFA)
Chia-Hsuan Chen1,2, Hsiu-Lin Huang1, Hsiu-Ya Yang 2, Shan-Hu Lai1, Neim-Tsu Yen2, Ming-Che Wu2 and Mu-Chiou Huang1*
1Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University. 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
2Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan. 112, Muchang, Xinhua Dist., Tainan 712, Taiwan.
Accepted 23 April, 2018
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the Taiwan Lanyu pig (SUS SCROFA) and its phylogenetic relationships with other pig breeds. Thirty-four forward and reverse primers were designed. Sequencing was performed in both directions. The results showed that, the complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the Taiwan Lanyu (S. SCROFA) is 16,747 bp, which was deposited in NCBI GenBank (accession number DQ518915). The complete sequence includes two rRNA (12S and 16S), 22 tRNA and 13 mRNA genes. The length of the D-loop region is 1,314 bp and there are 25 repeat sequences (5’-tacacgtgcg) in the region. It seems that there is a significant difference in the D-loop region between the Lanyu and the European Duroc (10 repeats), the landrace (13 repeats), the large white (6 repeats) or Asian pig breeds such as the Japanese wild boar (1 repeat) and the Ryukyu wild boar (1 repeat). The phylogenetic relationships of the Lanyu by comparing the sequence of the mitochondrial genome and the D-loop region of Asian and European pig breeds were investigated. It revealed that, the genetic distance of the Lanyu is high when compared with both the European and Asian pig breeds; the genetic exchange between the Lanyu and other breeds is not frequent. There is also no evidence of genetic exchange or introgression caused by population migration. Therefore, we conclude that the Lanyu is an independent branch among the breeds.
Key words: Complete genome, mitochondrial DNA, phylogenetic relationships, genetic distance, pig.