ISSN 2756-3839
International Journal of Nematology and Entomology Vol. 1 (5), pp. 089-092, October, 2013.© International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Nematicidal effect of Acacia nilotica and Gymnema sylvestris against second stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita
Nighat Sultana1*, Musarrat Akhter2, Muhammad Saleem3 and Yousaf Ali1
1Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories
Complex, Karachi-75280, Pakistan.
2Food and Marine Resources Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR)
Laboratories Complex, Karachi-75280, Pakistan.
3Department of Chemistry, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: (92-21) 8141832-35. Fax: (92-21) 8141847.
Accepted 23 September, 2013
Abstract
The nematicidal effect of different extracts of Acacia nilotica leaves/seeds and Gymnema sylvestre leaves were tested against Meloidogyne incognita larvae at the concentrations of 1, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125%, up to three days. All extracts showed nematicidal mortality. Nematicidal mortality was 100% with the use of 1% concentration of leaves ethyl alcohol extract of G. sylvestre and ethyl acetate leaves extracts of A. nilotica after 2 days. Qualitative analysis of the phytochemicals of alcohol extracts revealed the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, triterpene saponins belonging to oleanane and dammarene, phytosterols, phenols, flavonoids and tannins in all the plants. Quantitative analysis showed that, the crude saponin was the major phytochemical constituent present in highest percentage followed by crude oleanane and dammarene triterpene acids in both of two plants. It is suggested that both of these two plants possess nematicidal properties that could be developed and used as natural nematicides for nematode control.
Key words: Acacia nilotica, nematicidal activity, ellagic acid, oleanolic acid 3-glycosides, quercetin 3-glycosides, 3,19-dihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid.