ISSN 2375-0936
African Journal of Water Conservation and Sustainability ISSN 2375-0936 Vol. 11 (1), pp. 001-010, January, 2023. © International Scholars Journals
Review
Biotechnology Contributions in Sustainable Environmental Development
Helmy T. El Zanfaly
Water Pollution Research Dept., National Research Center, Al Bhous Str., Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt Email: [email protected]
Accepted 10 December, 2022
Abstract
As wastewater is heterogeneous compound contains a lot of different organic and inorganic components especially in case of mixing industrial with municipal waste; biological treatment will face the problem of variations in quality of the plant bio-mass. Bacteria and protozoa in both municipal and industrial biological systems may be negatively impacted by temperature, toxic chemicals, high substrate loadings, or variable waste streams. A well designed and operated biological wastewater treatment plant provides an optimum environment for a microbial population to become acclimated to the incoming wastewater. As long as the basic requirements (dissolved oxygen, nutrients and micronutrients, pH and temperature) are met, along with a controlled nutrient source, the treatment objectives are usually be met. Problems arise when the plant become overloaded with a particular waste component to which the indigenous population of microorganisms cannot acclimate. This often results in erratic performance or a plant upset. Application of biotechnology and genetic engineering to find the proper strain(s) is the tool for maximization of pollutants removal. It is often stated that bioremediation is the most economically effective treatment technology available, costing at least one-third less than conventional incineration or land-fill methods. The idea of establish a microbial bank in order to provide the ideal strain(s) of microorganisms for management the removal of specific pollutant(s) beside production of materials with economic value from wastes will be discussed.
Keywords: Environmental pollution, Waste treatment, Bioremediation, Microbial additives and applications, Microbial Bank establishing and environment sustainability.