ISSN 2326-7275
International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology ISSN: 2326-7275 Vol. 6 (6), pp. 001-009, June, 2017. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Apoptotic and necrotic effects of carboxylated quercetin/polyethylenimine complex on HeLa cells
Murat Uluğ1, Mustafa Türk1*, Serpil Oğuztüzün1, Yusuf Menemen1 and Gülten Kahraman2
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science-art, Kirikkale University, 71450 Yahşihan, Kirikkale, Turkey.
2Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, Sarayköy Nuclear Research Center, Ankara, Turkey.
Accepted 17 January, 2016
Abstract
The effects of quercetin (Q), carboxylated quercetin (CQ) and carboxylated quercetin/polyethylenimine (CQ/PEI) complex on HeLa cell cultures were investigated. Firstly, carboxylated quercetin was acquired through hydroxyl groups of quercetin, using chloroacetic acid. The complex of CQ/PEI was acquired by electron cooperation path over polietilenimine amine groups and quercetin carboxyl groups. CQ and CQ/PEI obtained were characterised by FTIR and 1H–NMR methods. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. Apoptotic and necrotic indexes were obtained by immunocytochemical staining with the M30 antibodies and double staining and double staining, respectively. It was determined that quercetin caused lower rates of necrosis and apoptosis on HeLa cells by itself, but CQ/PEI complex resulted in high levels. As a result, it was observed that transition of quercetin to HeLa via binding it to polyethylenimine increased its anticarcinogenic effects.
Key words: Quercetin, HeLa, cancer, apoptosis, necrosis, cytotoxicity.