ISSN 2736-173X
African Journal of Malaria and Tropical Diseases ISSN 4123-0981 Vol. 6 (7), pp. 417-420, July, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research paper
A study of the distribution of cerebral malaria in Sudanese population
Mohammed S. Zaroog1, Ahmed EL Tahir2,3*, Adil Mergani3, ELfatih Hashim4, Mohamed Gumma5, Bella Awadelseed4, Ali Babkier Haboor3 and Nase ELdin M. A. Elwali3
1Department of Biochemistry, Applied Medical Science, University of Gezira, Sudan.
2,3Faculty of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
3Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Biology and Oncology, University of Gezira, Sudan
4Faculty of Medicine, University of Sinnar, Sudan
5Singa Hospital, Ministry of Health, Sudan.
*Corresponding author Email: [email protected]. Fax: 00966-1-2889999 ext 8045 Phone: 00966556311460
Accepted 11 October, 2017
Abstract
The study was carried out to investigate the distribution of cerebral malaria in central region and to identify ICAM-1 alleles and genotypes frequency in Sudanese population in the region. Fifty children with cerebral malaria and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls with no history of cerebral malaria were enrolled in the study. The highest incidencts of cerebral malaria were found between the ages of 4–8 years. From 10 different tribal stocks, 28% of incidents belongs to the Johayna tribe in the western region of central Sudan. The incidence of cerebral malaria in this study is influenced by geographical, age, and ethnic factors with no gender variation. From this study four (8%) of study subjects died, 4 (8%) survived with neurological sequelae and 42 (84%) were discharged alive and healthy after treatment regimen. The use of allele specific PCR (ASP) for genetic analysis in this study, indicated incidence of the heterozygous form (K29/M29) is 26% in cerebral malaria patients and 12% in the control group, while only one (2%) mutant homozygous (M29/M29) was detected in cerebral malaria patients group. All subjects who carried mutant allele (heterozygous and homozygous mutant) had 3 times susceptibility to cerebral malaria than the other group, (P-value= 0.038, Odd Ratio = 2.5; 95% CI 1.011 - 6.181). The incidence of ICAM-1kilifi allele frequency in the study group was 11%, and this may increase the risk for susceptibility to cerebral malaria in Sudanese children inhabiting in these regions.
Key words: ICAM-1; cerebral malaria; children; central Sudan.