ISSN 2169-303X
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 8 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Toxicological and hypoglycemic studies on the leaves of Cissampelos mucronata (Menispermaceae) on blood glucose levels of streptozocin-induced diabetic wistar rats
Tanko, Y. 1*, Yaro, A. H.2, Isa, A. I3, Yerima, M.4, Saleh, M. I. A.1 and Mohammed, A.1
1Department of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
2Department of Pharmacology, Bayero University, Kano Nigeria.
3Department of Biology, College of Education P.M.B. 1021 Jalingo. Nigeria.
4Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Ahmad Bello, University Zaria, Nigeria.
Accepted 09 November, 2018
Abstract
Preliminary phytochemical screening of the ethanol leaves of Cissampelos mucronata revealed the presence of reducing sugars, cardiac glycosides, resin, tannins, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, glycerin and steroids. The median lethal dose (LD50) in rats is greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight intaperitoneally. The hypoglycemic effect of ethanol extract of C. mucronata was also investigated in Streptozocin - induced diabetic rats. Single intraperitoneally administration of the extract at the doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg. There was a significant decreased (p<0.05) in the blood glucose levels in all the doses administered. The dose of 200 mg/kg was more effective with the highest glycemic change of 67% after 24 h of extract administration than the other two doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg with glycemic change of 60%. The ethanol leaves extract of C. mucronata possess hypoglycemic activity in Streptozocin induced in diabetic rats.
Key words: Cissampelos mucronata, hypoglycemic activity, streptozocin, diabetes.