International Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development

International Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development ISSN: 3254-5428 Vol. 2(1), pp. 031-040, February, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Influence of Agro-Ecological factors and cultural practices on Heifer in-trust schemes in Njombe and Shinyanga Regions of Tanzania

Msangya M L^*, Urassa J K¹ and Mahonge C P²

^*Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Development Studies Institute (DSI), P.O. Box 3024, Morogoro, Tanzania.

¹Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Development Studies Institute (DSI), P.O. Box 3024, Morogoro, Tanzania.

²Sokoine University of Agriculture Centre for Sustainable Rural Development (SCSRD), P.O. Box 3035 Morogoro, Tanzania.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 3 February, 2015

Abstract 

Dairy farming can be a panacea to addressing rural poverty. The Heifer In-trust Schemes (HIS) in Njombe and Shinyanga regions aimed at reducing food and income insecurity. However, the influence of seasonality, traditional livestock grazing systems, animal treatment and protection practices challenge the schemes objectives. The study’s main objective was to assess the influence of agro-ecological factors and cultural practices on HIS. Specifically, the study determined the influence of seasonality unavailability of quality pasture, milk and income, and explored the implications of traditional livestock grazing systems, treatment and protection. Study adopted a cross-sectional design. Data were collected from 402 randomly selected HIS households. Results show that during the wet season average daily milk production increased by six litres per cow. Results also show that more milk is sold during the dry season as the demand is higher while production is low. Results further show that traditional grazing systems and animal protection practices led to low milk production and less income. The diverse agro-ecological factors and cultural practices have influenced HIS in the study areas. HIS beneficiaries should establish pasture plots to address negative agro-ecological influences, reduce free range-grazing methods and avoid adverse traditional animal treatment and protection practices.

Key words: Agro-ecological, animal, cultural, factors, grazing, influence, practice, traditional, treatment, Tanzania.