ISSN 2756-3421
African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-009, January, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Review
Modern practice in orthognathic and reconstructive surgery – Craniofacial distraction osteogenesis
Kumar Dheeraj1,2, Namrataa Rastogi3 and Meenakshi Singh4
1Department of Prosthodontics, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
2102-A, Vijay Nagar, Krishna Nagar, Kanpur Road, Lucknow, India.
3Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
4Department of Orthodontics, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Accepted 14 March, 2019
Abstract
Distraction osteogenesis (DO) techniques have been widely accepted and practiced in orthopaedics, traumatology, and craniofacial surgery. Over the last two decades, using DO methods, many previously untreatable conditions have been successfully managed with outstanding clinical outcome. Although the mechanism of DO is still not fully understood, it is generally accepted that mechanical stimulation is the key in promoting and maintaining tissues’ regenerating capacities. In the management of severe maxillomandibular deformities, orthognathic surgery produces less than optimum outcome with greater chances of relapse. Inadequate bone contact, insufficient fixation, stability and partial or total relapse due to excessive muscle stretching are often observed. To overcome these disadvantages a path breaking work in the field of distraction, osteogenesis occurred. The present article aims at highlighting the advantages of this newly developed technique over previous surgical remedies.
Key words: Distraction osteogenesis, orthopaedics, craniofacial surgery, orthognathic surgery.