ISSN 2756-3421
African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216 Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-006, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Remineralization potential of 5,000 ppm fluoride dentifrices evaluated in a pH cycling model
Robert L. Karlinsey1*, Allen C. Mackey1, Emily R. Walker1, Bennett T. Amaechi2, Ramalingam Karthikeyan2, Kaveh Najibfard2 and Aaron M. Pfarrer3
1Indiana Nanotech, LLC, 351 West 10th Street, Suite 309, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
2University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
33M ESPE, 3M Center, St. Paul MN 55144, USA.
Accepted 16 January, 2019
Abstract
Prescription 1.1% sodium fluoride (NaF) dentifrices designed to either have fast dispersion for improved enamel fluoride uptake (that is, PreviDent® Booster 5000) or contain an innovative tricalcium phosphate system for enhanced remineralization (that is, Clinpro® 5000) were evaluated for anticaries potential in an in vitro pH cycling model. Polished bovine enamel specimens were initially softened in a white- spot-forming solution comprising 0.1 M lactic acid plus 100 kDa polyacrylic acid (PAA, pH = 5.0) for 26 h at 37°C. Specimens were then measured for baseline Vickers microhardness and stratified (N =into the following groups: Group A: Tom’s of Maine fluoride-free dentifrice (negative control); Group B: Colgate PreviDent® Booster 5000 (5000 ppm fluoride) and Group C: 3M Clinpro® 5000 (5000 ppm fluoride). The groups were then cycled for 10 days in a pH cycling model consisting of four one-minute treatment periods (diluted 1:3 with distilled water) and one four-hour acid challenge (lactic acid-PAA , pH = 5.0) per day. Between these events, specimens were immersed in artificial saliva (pH = 7.0). After 10 days of cycling, the specimens were evaluated for Vickers surface microhardness, mineral loss and lesion depth using microindentation, transverse microradiography and polarized light microscopy. For all analyses, statistical differences (t-tests, p<0.05) were found to exist among the groups, with Clinpro® 5000 conferring superior surface and subsurface remineralization potential relative to both PreviDent® Booster 5000 and Tom’s of Maine fluoride-free paste. Due to this superiority, these results suggest the combination of 5,000 ppm fluoride plus the tricalcium phosphate system may provide significant anticaries benefits relative to fluoride-only and fluoride-free dentifrices.
Key words: Dental caries, clinpro 5000, prevident booster 5000, 5000 ppm fluoride, 1.1% NaF, tricalcium phosphate, microhardness, transverse microradiography, polarized light microscopy, pH cycling, remineralization.