African Journal of Geography and Regional Planning

African Journal of Geography and Regional Planning ISSN 3627-8945 Vol. 7 (5), pp. 001-007, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Application of K-bearing rock for fertilization of Cowpea, (Vigna unguiculata)

Labib, B. F., Ghabour, Th. K., Wahba, M. M. and Rahim, I. S.

Soils and Water Use Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

Accepted 04 March, 2020

Abstract

The main concept of this research work is to apply a mineral source of potassium for supplying the soil by this element in order to substitute the expensive commercial fertilization of some crops.The applied K-feldspar rock has about total potassium of 10.0%, in extractable form 395 ppm and in soluble form 125 ppm. Spectrographic semi-quantitative analysis of this rock revealed that it has 70.40% SiO₂, 15.48% Al₂O₃, 8.38% K₂O, 3.22% Na₂O and traces of other elements such as Fe, Mg, P and Ti. A field experiment was conducted to grow cowpea on poor virgin sandy soil. Four treatments were followed: potassium sulfate only, ½ potassium sulfate + ½ potassium feldspar, ¼ potassium sulfate + ¾ potassium feldspar and potassium feldspar only. There was a highly significant variation between the vegetative growth of the cowpea under the second treatment, in which half K-requirement was added as K-sulfate and the other half as K-feldspar, and all other treatments. The same trend was obtained with respect to the number of branches in the plant, number of kernels and weight of seeds. In spite of the fertilization requirements of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic compost have been added equally to the four treatments, there were some fluctuations in the content of these elements of the yield of cowpea. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the four treatments can be arranged as followed: 2^nd>1^st>3^rd>4^th treatment. The lowest vegetative and yield quality of plants under the 4^th treatment, in which potassium feldspar was added, can be explained by the fact that these minerals are quite resistant to weathering and supply relatively small quantities of potassium during the growing season. However, their cumulative release of potassium over several years is very important acting as slow release fertilizer. The positive influence of the fine grains of the K mineral bearing rocks is improving the poor structure of loose sandy soil, consequently the water and nutrient capacities of this soil will be enhanced and increase their ability to plant uptake.It is worthy to refer that the cost of chemical fertilizer (K-sulfate) is about 7000 LE /ton while the K-feldspar rock is ranging between 600-800 LE /ton.

Keywords: feldspar rock, potassium sulfate, cowpea, sandy soil.