ISSN 2756-3855
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology ISSN 2756-3855 Vol. 12 (3), pp. 001-009 March, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The role of paraphenylenediamine in triggering apoptosis in murine myeloma cells through reactive oxygen species generation
Zineb Elyoussoufi1,2, Norddine Habti2, Said Motaouakkil2,3 and Rachida Cadi1*
1Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Genetics associated with CNRST, Department of Biology, Ain Chock Faculty of
Sciences, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
2Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II,
Casablanca, Morocco.
3Medical intensive care unit, Ibn Rochd university hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
Accepted 17 January, 2024
Abstract
Paraphenylenediamine (p-PD) is the main aromatic amine used in the formulation of hair dyes. Epidemiologic studies have suggested that the use of p-PD based hair dyes might be related to increase risk of human malignant tumors including multiple myeloma and hematopoietic cancers. However, the toxicity of p-PD on myeloma cells has not been well elucidated yet. Therefore, the association between the cytotoxicity of p-PD and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation on murine myeloma cells P3X63Ag8.653 (P3) was evaluated. Treatment with p-PD decreases cell viability in a dose and time dependent manner. In addition, p-PD markedly enhanced lipid peroxidation. This increase was accompanied with a decrease in both glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase activities. Furthermore, Pre-treatment of P3 cells with antioxidants, reduced glutathione or manganese II chloride, significantly inhibited p-PD induced cytotoxicity and ROS generation. Based on these results, p-PD might induce apoptosis via the involvement of ROS.
Key words: Murine myeloma cells, p-Phenylenediamine, apoptosis, oxidative stress, ROS, antioxidants.