African Journal of DNA and Cell Biology Vol. 2 (3) pp. 114-117, March, 2015. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
City landfill leachates incited chromosome deviations in rodent bone marrow cells
*J. P Olori, Omokiniovo E. Edesiri and Omo-Agege Francis
Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.
E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 18 February, 2015
Abstract
This study examined the potential mutagenic effects of raw and simulated leachates from Olushosun municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill using rat bone marrow chromosome aberration assay. Raw leachate obtained directly from the landfill and simulated leachate obtained via the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) category-A extraction procedure were examined for their physical and chemical properties. Rats were intraperitoneally exposed to 1 - 25% concentrations of the leachates for 48 h. The erythroblasts of the bone marrow cells examined post treatment show structural chromoso-mal abnormalities such as breaks, gaps, rings and acentrics. The induction was dose dependent (r = 0.80 and 0.85 for ORL and OSL, respectively). Physico-chemical and heavy metal analysis of the test samples showed that they contained high concentrations of toxic anions and cations that are capable of inducing mutation in living cells. The interaction of these constituents with the genetic material in the bone marrow cells of rat caused the observed chromosome aberrations. Our data indicate that MSW leachates can induce genotoxicity in rat and suggest potential health risk to human populations.
Key words: Municipal landfill leachate, chromosome aberrations, genotoxicity, toxic chemicals, rat.