International Journal of Physics

International Journal of Physics | Vol. 11, No. 6, June 2020 | pp. 41–48

DOI: 10.46882/2020/IJP/000122

Research Article

Title: Relativistic Hydrodynamic Modeling of Particle Production Cascades in Asymmetric Oxygen-Lead Collisions

Names of Authors: H. L. Mueller¹, A. M. El-Sayed²

Authors’ Affiliations:
¹ Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany
² Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract: Asymmetric oxygen-lead (O-Pb) collisions provide a crucial baseline for isolating cold nuclear matter effects from the collective signature of the quark-gluon plasma in intermediate systems. This study presents a relativistic hydrodynamic modeling framework to simulate particle production cascades in O-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair. We utilized a 3+1 dimensional viscous hydrodynamic code coupled with a statistical hadronization module to compute transverse momentum spectra and azimuthal anisotropy coefficients. The initial energy density profiles were generated using a Glauber-Gribov color-fluctuation model to capture sub-nucleon scale configurations. The numerical simulations show that expanding systems build a substantial radial flow profile, which shifts the mean transverse momentum of protons up to 1.38 GeV/c in high-multiplicity events. The calculated elliptic flow coefficient (v²) displays a strong mass-ordering effect, which matches experimental measurements gathered by LHC tracking arrays within a tight ±6.0% margin. This close agreement suggests that small-scale heavy-ion systems generated in O-Pb collisions can achieve brief hydrodynamic collective expansion. These findings help clarify the boundaries of fluid-like behavior in high-energy subatomic particle interactions.

Keywords: Relativistic hydrodynamics; particle production; oxygen-lead collisions; elliptic flow; color-fluctuation model; statistical hadronization

Manuscript Timeline: Received: February 15, 2020; Revised: April 12, 2020; Accepted: May 04, 2020; Published: June 15, 2020

Citation: Mueller, H. L., & El-Sayed, A. M. (2020). Relativistic Hydrodynamic Modeling of Particle Production Cascades in Asymmetric Oxygen-Lead Collisions. International Journal of Physics, 11(6), 41–48.

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