ISSN 2169-303X
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 8 (12), pp. 001-004, December, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Phytochemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Anogeissus leiocarpus on some common oral pathogens
Adejumobi, J.A., Ogundiya, M. O.1,2, Kolapo, A.L2 and Okunade, M. B1
1Department of Chemistry, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. Nigeria.
2Department of Biology, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. Nigeria
Accepted 19 October, 2019
Abstract
An assessment of phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extract of root and stem of A. leiocarpus against clinical isolates of Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus saprophyticus was carried out. Saponins, tannins and alkaloids were highly concentrated in the stem and root, with the later containing a significantly higher (P<0.05) quantity of these phytochemicals. The results of investigation showed that all the extracts had inhibitory effect on the growth of all the isolates. For both aqueous and ethanol extracts, a two way ANOVA test revealed that extract concentrations did not have significant effect (P>0.05) on the inhibition of C. albicans while the length of incubation period had a significant effect (P<0.05) on its inhibition. The inhibitory effect produced by the ethanol extract of the root and stem on S. saprophyticus and S. mutans was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the effect produced by aqueous extract. On a general note, root extracts exhibited significant inhibition (P<0.05) compared to stem extracts. Results from this study strongly indicates that A. leiocarpus is a potential candidate plant whose extract could be incorporated into dentifrice.
Key words: Anogeissus leiocarpus Candida albicans, chewing stick, dentifrice, oral pathogen, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus mutans.