Quantum Efficiency Optimization of Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells via Graded Halide Profiling

International Journal of Physics | Vol. 12, No. 4, April 2021 | pp. 25–32

DOI: 10.46882/2021/IJP/000132

Research Article

Title: Quantum Efficiency Optimization of Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells via Graded Halide Profiling

Names of Authors: H. K. Tanaka¹, S. P. McCarthy²

Authors’ Affiliations:
¹ Department of Quantum Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
² European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland

Abstract: Perovskite photovoltaic cells provide an efficient, low-cost architectural layout for building next-generation multi-junction solar harvesters. This investigation details a comprehensive numerical model to optimize the internal quantum efficiency of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite solar cells by incorporating a graded halide structural design. We simulated charge collection parameters, radiative decay dynamics, and interface traps under standard single-sun illumination matrices (AM 1.5G, 100.0 mW/cm²). The calculations demonstrate that introducing a continuous spatial gradient across the iodine-to-bromine chemical ratio induces a linear bandgap tilt (ranging from 1.48 eV to 1.75 eV), generating a built-in electric drift field. This local field quickens electron-hole separation tracks and depresses non-radiative Shockley-Read-Hall recombination events. Incorporating a baseline bulk carrier lifetime parameter of 25.0 ns, the optimized graded device configuration delivers a short-circuit current density of 26.2 mA/cm² and an open-circuit voltage reading of 1.14 V. This architecture secures a peak power conversion efficiency of 22.8%, yielding a significant improvement over the uniform bandgap reference cell.

Keywords: Perovskite solar cells; graded bandgap; quantum efficiency; charge transport; numerical modeling; photovoltaics

Manuscript Timeline: Received: January 08, 2021; Revised: February 18, 2021; Accepted: March 05, 2021; Published: April 12, 2021

Citation: Tanaka, H. K., & McCarthy, S. P. (2021). Quantum Efficiency Optimization of Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells via Graded Halide Profiling. International Journal of Physics, 12(4), 25–32.

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