ISSN 2756-3847
International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics ISSN 2756-3847 Vol. 7 (10), pp. 001-007, October, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Phenotypic Diversity Studies of Coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex. Froehn) Landrace Accessions and an Accession from Germplasm Using Morphological Markers
1,3*Baba Nitsa, M., 3Odiyi, A.C., 3Akinyele, B.O., 3Aiyelari, O.P., 1Dada, K. E., 3Fayeun, L.S., 1Anagbogu, C.F., 2Idrisu, M. and 2Ugioro, O.
1Crop Improvement Division, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan
2Agronomy Section, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan
3Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo, State, Nigeria.
Accepted 15 October, 2020
Abstract
Six landrace accessions of robusta coffee and one accession from CRIN coffee germplasm were used for this study. Ate-kekere (ATK), Shekoni (SEK), Iyamuye (IY1), Kabba bunu (KB3), Omu-Alagbede (OMA), Oranre (ORA1) were farmer`s cultivars, while C105 is the accession from coffee germplasm. GPS was used to take coordinate of collection areas. Experiments were conducted at two locations for two years 2018 to 2019, in randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Data was collected on morphological traits: plant height, stem diameter, numbers of branches, numbers of leafs, inter node length, leaf length and leaf width. All observations were recorded and subjected to ANOVA using SAS package V. (9.1) and Minitab package V. (17). There were variations in all morphological characters, with ATK (67.25) being the tallest among all the accessions. OMA (48.22) was observed to be the shortest among other accessions. ATK had significant highest mean number of branches (15.83) and of leaves (38.67) when compared to other accessions. Locations tend to have significant effect on the performance of accessions. Plants at Ibadan show significant better performance in morphological traits than plants at Owena. Year 2019 revealed significant improvement in morphological traits as compared to 2018, but number of branches was not different significantly. Dendrogram hierarchically grouped the accessions based on geographical area of collection (North Central and Southwest), implies that morphological traits could be used to classify cultivars for characterization based on area of core collection and for establishment of germplasm bank.
Key words: landrace robusta coffee, accessions, morphological markers, diversity studies and locations.