ISSN 2756-3375
African Journal of Immunology Research ISSN 2756-3375 Vol. 10 (7), pp. 001-008, July, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The Role of p-Phenylenediamine in Inducing Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Human Neutrophils
Zineb Elyoussoufi1,2*, Norddine Habti2, Khadija Mounaji1, Said Motaouakkil2,3 and Rachida Cadi1
1Department of Biology, Ain Chock Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Genetics,
associated with CNRST, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
2Laboratory of Hematology, Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, associated with CRTS, Faculty of Medicine and
Pharmacy, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco.
3Medical intensive care unit, Ibn Rochd university hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
Accepted 13 May, 2024
Abstract
Exposure to paraphenylenediamine (PPD), a derivative of paranitroaniline widely used as an oxidisable hair dye, is often associated with the development of allergic contact dermatitis. Such reactions involve activation of the subject’s immune system and it is known that neutrophils are the first cells to arrive at the site of perturbation. In view of its pivotal role in the initiation and amplification of inflammation, the fate of the neutrophil in presence of PPD requires attention. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the vitro effects of PPD on human neutrophils viability and on reactive oxygen species production. Neutrophils from healthy volunteers were incubated with three concentrations of PPD (11.5, 23 and 46 µM). Apoptosis was evaluated by light microscopy and DNA gel electrophoresis, and oxidative stress was evaluated by spectrophotometry. Results showed that PPD induces neutrophils apoptosis in a dose and time dependent manner with a LC50 value of 23 µM at 6 h of treatment. Furthermore, at 5 h of treatment, PPD markedly increased lipid peroxidation (47%) and enhanced the activity of catalase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase. These results suggest that PPD can induce neutrophils apoptosis and an oxidative stress.
Key words: Paraphenylenediamine, neutrophils, apoptosis, oxidative stress, catalase, lipid peroxidation, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase.