African Journal of Parasitology Research

African Journal of Parasitology Research | Vol. 14, No. 7, July 2026 | pp. 49–56

DOI: 10.46882/AJPR/100007

Article Type: Full Length Research Paper

Title: Vector bionomics, host-feeding preferences, and entomological inoculation rates of Anopheles mosquito populations in rural cotton-growing areas of Burkina Faso

Names of Authors: Issoufou P. Somda¹, Salifou B. Compaore², Abdoulaye K. Guindo¹

Authors’ Affiliations: ¹Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Direction Regionale de Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. ²Department of Animal Biology and Ecology, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Abstract: Intensive agricultural pesticide deployment in West African cotton belts influences malaria vector dynamics and biting behaviour. Longitudinal entomological surveillance was undertaken over a six-month rainy season across three rural cotton-farming villages in western Burkina Faso. Mosquito collections using human landing catches and pyrethrum spray catches yielded 3840 female Anopheles specimens. Morphological and molecular identification established the presence of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (64.2 percent), Anopheles funestus (21.8 percent), and Anopheles arabiensis (14.0 percent). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay blood-meal analyses of blood-fed vectors revealed human blood index values of 0.82 for Anopheles gambiae and 0.89 for Anopheles funestus, indicating high anthropophilic tendencies. Circumsporozoite protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing demonstrated overall Plasmodium falciparum infection rates of 6.4 percent in Anopheles gambiae and 4.8 percent in Anopheles funestus. The cumulative monthly entomological inoculation rate reached an average of 42.5 infective bites per person per month, peaking sharply in August during heavy seasonal rainfall. Insecticide susceptibility assays demonstrated emerging resistance phenotypes against pyrethroid compounds (permethrin mortality rate 78.4 percent) but sustained susceptibility to organophosphates. These dynamic entomological metrics reveal intense seasonal malaria transmission potential in agricultural agroecosystems, demanding continuous resistance monitoring and combination vector control measures.

Keywords: Malaria vectors, Anopheles gambiae, Bionomics, Entomological inoculation rate, Insecticide resistance, Burkina Faso

Manuscript Timeline: Received: 05 April 2010; Revised: 04 May 2010; Accepted: 07 June 2010; Published: 12 July 2010

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