ISSN 2756-3391
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2343-6549 Vol. 6 (1), pp. 001-005, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Seroprevalence of two abortive parasites: Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in domestic animals in Franceville, Gabon
1Badiambile Julie, 2Akue Jean Paul* and 2Mbou Moutsimbi Roger Antoine
1Departement de Zootechnologie, Institut National Supérieur d’agronomie et de Biotechnologie (INSAB), USTM, Franceville, Gabon,
2Department of Medical Parasitology (UPARAM), CIRMF, Franceville, Gabon.
Accepted 24 January, 2017
Abstract
Management of livestock maybe an important factor in limiting the spread of abortive parasites. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii measured with the modified agglutination test (MAT) and Neospora caninum with an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were screened in 212 domestic animals. Sheep had the highest seroprevalence (82.14%), followed by cattle (26%), pigs (20%), ducks (19.05%), and chickens (17.78%). Two breeding systems were distinguished: (1) the rural method in which animals breed in the wild, no food is given, and there is no drinking water point and no shelter; (2) the modern type, characterized by providing food, water, shelter, fences, and hygiene. When comparing the different species according to the breeding system, we found that for chickens, the rural style of breeding was associated with the highest seroprevalence of T. gondii compared with the modern breeding method (40% versus 4%; p=0.0004). Similarly, pigs bred according to the rural method had a higher seroprevalence compared with the modern breeding method (48% versus 0%; p=0.0001). N.caninum antibodies were present in 32.14% of sheep and 50% of goats. This study suggests that seroprevalence to N. caninum and T. gondii may vary according to the breeding method.
Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, seroprevalence, animals, Gabon.