Optical Soliton Dynamics and Wave Collapse Controls in Non-Local Graphene-Oxide Metamaterials

International Journal of Physics | Vol. 16, No. 7, July 2025 | pp. 49–56

DOI: 10.46882/2025/IJP/000183

Research Article

Title: Optical Soliton Dynamics and Wave Collapse Controls in Non-Local Graphene-Oxide Metamaterials

Names of Authors: S. H. Zhang¹, Y. S. Kim²

Authors’ Affiliations:
¹ Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
² Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

Abstract: Designing non-linear optical configurations that can stabilize ultra-short pulse propagation or safely arrest high-power beam collapse is an essential goal for laser engineering and high-speed data networks. This paper solves the generalized non-linear Schrödinger equation governing optical soliton perturbations and tracks wave collapse dynamics inside non-local graphene-oxide metamaterials. The mathematical model integrates higher-order perturbation terms, including third-order dispersion, self-steepening, and delayed Raman response steps. We applied the inverse scattering transform method combined with a multiple-scale perturbation routine to derive analytical solutions for stable single-solitons and breathers. The results demonstrate that a high degree of spatial non-locality effectively suppresses catastrophic self-focusing collapse, stabilizing two-dimensional structures that are unstable in local Kerr devices. The modulation instability growth rate was calculated against variable perturbation frequencies, highlighting a maximum gain coefficient of g = 2.76 cm⁻¹ under an input beam intensity of 1.6 kW/cm². Expanding the non-locality parameter from 0.6 mm to 3.5 mm reduces the peak instability gain by 64.0% and shifts the peak gain toward longer perturbation wavelengths, avoiding pulse fragmentation.

Keywords: Nonlinear optics; spatial solitons; nonlinear Schrödinger equation; modulational instability; non-local media; wave collapse

Manuscript Timeline: Received: March 20, 2025; Revised: May 05, 2025; Accepted: May 28, 2025; Published: July 15, 2025

Citation: Zhang, S. H., & Kim, Y. S. (2025). Optical Soliton Dynamics and Wave Collapse Controls in Non-Local Graphene-Oxide Metamaterials. International Journal of Physics, 16(7), 49–56.

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