ISSN 2169-303X
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN: 2169-303X Vol. 5 (2), pp. 184-189, February, 2016. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Anti-diabetic activity of the seed extract and the morphological changes on pancreatic beta cells in alloxan induced-diabetic rabbits
Ajibola Ipadeola*1, Adesanya Gbenga2, Sofola Adeoye3
1*Department of Anatomy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Remo Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria.
2Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
3Department of Physiology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
*Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 19 December, 2015
Abstract
Anti-hyperglycaemic and anti-diabetic activity of petroleum ether seed extract of Sphenocentrum jollyanum (SJ) Pierre (Menispermaceae) was evaluated in hyperglycaemic and in alloxan diabetic rabbits. The seed extract of SJ and glibenclamide administered 30 min prior to the glucose load significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the peak values and the area under curve of blood glucose by 20.0 % and 43.8 % respectively compared to the untreated. In alloxan diabetic animals, treatment with the seed extract of SJ significantly (p < 0.05) lowered the blood glucose level in a dose dependent manner from day 3 of daily treatment and continued till the last day of the treatment. Further decrease was however recorded post-treatment with the extract doses of 300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg body weight (bw) showing maximum percentage decrease of 12.3, 29.2 and 32.7 respectively while glibenclamide group (10 mg/kg) recorded a decrease of 51.9 %. Tissue morphology of the extract treated diabetic rabbits showed necrotic beta cells with some viable cells at the periphery. In glibenclamide treated, considerable damage to the beta cells was equally recorded. The result indicates that the extract attenuated hyperglcaemia in alloxan diabetic rabbits.
Key word: Anti-hyperglycaemia, alloxan-diabetes, Sphenocentrum jollyanum, seed, rabbit.